WikiIslam - User contributions [en]

User talk:Tyciol

2022-01-30T01:28:11Z

Tyciol: Created page with "=2022="

=2022=

Thighing

2022-01-30T01:16:18Z

Tyciol: going to remove " attested to and confirmed by Sunni legal sources" as this is pretty much what my Fatwa section references, if there are others please create other secitons.

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The process of '''thighing''' (مفاخذة, ''mufākhadhah'' or also transliterated as ''mufa'khathat'') refers to rubbing between the legs as an alternative to sexual intercourse when that is not possible due to age or menstruation.

==Khomeini and the Tahreer al-Waseelah==
Ayatollah Khomeini, the founder of the Islamic republic of Iran, wrote of this practice regarding its practice with pre-pubescent children:

{{Quote|Tahreer al-Waseelah, vol. 2, page 221-222 (chapter title and year of publication needed)|
ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ 12 : ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻭﻁﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺇﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﺴﻊ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ، ﺩﻭﺍﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﻘﻄﻌﺎ , ﻭ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻟﻠﻤﺲ ﺑﺸﻬﻮﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺨﻴﺬ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺄﺱ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﻴﻌﺔ

Ruling # 12: It is not permission to have intercourse before (her) being 9 years old, be it in nikah (permanent marriage) or temporary marriage.

And as for all other pleasures such as lustful touch, embracing, and '''thighing''' (ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺨﻴﺬ), there is no problem in it even with a suckling infant.}}

==Fatwa in August 2000==
A fatwa issued 8 August 2000 (number 41409 dated 7/5/1421)<ref>23 September 2011 article by Ali Sina of FaithFreedom.org [http://web.archive.org/web/20110930101717/http://www.faithfreedom.org/articles/muhammad-thighied-aish/ archived 30 September 2011]</ref> may have said this:

:The permanent committee for scientific research and religious sanctions has looked onto the request of Abu Abdallah Mohammed Al Shamry which was sent to the committee from the general secretariat of the Committee of Higher Scholars number 1809 date 3/5/1421. The requester asked the following:
::Lately, It has spread on a large scale, especially in weddings, the habit of thighing little boys; what is the ruling of the Quran on this?
::Especially, that God’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) has thighed Ayesha (may God be pleased with her)

:The committee, after studying the request, has ruled the following:
::It is not the true guidance of Muslims throughout centuries to resort to the use of these unlawful practices, which were imported to our countries through the immoral videos that are being sent by the infidels and enemies of Islam.
::As for the thighing of the messenger of God to his fiancée Ayesha,
::she was six years old and he could not engage in sexual intercourse with her because of her young age,
::therefore he used to place his penis between her thighs and rub it lightly.
::In addition, the messenger of God had full control of his penis in contrary to the believers.
::Therefore, it is not permitted to practice thighing, whether in weddings, or at homes, or schools, due to its grave harm.
::And may God curse the infidels who brought these practices to our countries.

This appears to indicate that thighing may have only been allowed for Muhammad due to his superior penis-control, whereas common believers who were not messengers of god had sub-optimal penis control required to thigh preteen girls in a responsible fashion: only god's messenger could thigh girls without causing grave harm.

==References==
<references/>

==See also==
*[[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Aisha#"Thighing" Aisha|"Thighing" Aisha]]
*[[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Sexuality#Muhammad 'thighs' her|Muhammad "thighs" her]]

==External links==
*https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercrural_sex

[[Category:Aisha]]
[[Category:Child Marriage]]
[[Category:Human rights]]
[[Category:Shariah (Islamic Law)]]
[[Category:Criticism of Islam]]

Thighing

2022-01-30T01:15:30Z

Tyciol: creating 'references' section, moving my link to FaithFreedom's commentary up and using as reference. BTW does anyone have a copy of vol 2 of Tahreer al-Waseelah to check this? I could only find vol 1 on archive.org

{{QualityScore|Lead=1|Structure=1|Content=1|Language=4|References=1}}
{{stub}}
The process of '''thighing''' (مفاخذة, ''mufākhadhah'' or also transliterated as ''mufa'khathat'') refers to rubbing between the legs as an alternative to sexual intercourse when that is not possible due to age or menstruation.

==Khomeini and the Tahreer al-Waseelah==
Ayatollah Khomeini, the founder of the Islamic republic of Iran, wrote of this practice regarding its practice with pre-pubescent children:

{{Quote|Tahreer al-Waseelah, vol. 2, page 221-222 (chapter title and year of publication needed)|
ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ 12 : ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻭﻁﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺇﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﺴﻊ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ، ﺩﻭﺍﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﻘﻄﻌﺎ , ﻭ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻟﻠﻤﺲ ﺑﺸﻬﻮﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺨﻴﺬ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺄﺱ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﻴﻌﺔ

Ruling # 12: It is not permission to have intercourse before (her) being 9 years old, be it in nikah (permanent marriage) or temporary marriage.

And as for all other pleasures such as lustful touch, embracing, and '''thighing''' (ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺨﻴﺬ), there is no problem in it even with a suckling infant.}}

==Fatwa in August 2000==
A fatwa issued 8 August 2000 (number 41409 dated 7/5/1421)<ref>23 September 2011 article by Ali Sina of FaithFreedom.org [http://web.archive.org/web/20110930101717/http://www.faithfreedom.org/articles/muhammad-thighied-aish/ archived 30 September 2011]</ref> may have said this:

:The permanent committee for scientific research and religious sanctions has looked onto the request of Abu Abdallah Mohammed Al Shamry which was sent to the committee from the general secretariat of the Committee of Higher Scholars number 1809 date 3/5/1421. The requester asked the following:
::Lately, It has spread on a large scale, especially in weddings, the habit of thighing little boys; what is the ruling of the Quran on this?
::Especially, that God’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) has thighed Ayesha (may God be pleased with her)

:The committee, after studying the request, has ruled the following:
::It is not the true guidance of Muslims throughout centuries to resort to the use of these unlawful practices, which were imported to our countries through the immoral videos that are being sent by the infidels and enemies of Islam.
::As for the thighing of the messenger of God to his fiancée Ayesha,
::she was six years old and he could not engage in sexual intercourse with her because of her young age,
::therefore he used to place his penis between her thighs and rub it lightly.
::In addition, the messenger of God had full control of his penis in contrary to the believers.
::Therefore, it is not permitted to practice thighing, whether in weddings, or at homes, or schools, due to its grave harm.
::And may God curse the infidels who brought these practices to our countries.

This appears to indicate that thighing may have only been allowed for Muhammad due to his superior penis-control, whereas common believers who were not messengers of god had sub-optimal penis control required to thigh preteen girls in a responsible fashion: only god's messenger could thigh girls without causing grave harm.

==others==
The practice is also attested to and confirmed by Sunni legal sources.{{fact}}

==References==
</references/>

==See also==
*[[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Aisha#"Thighing" Aisha|"Thighing" Aisha]]
*[[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Sexuality#Muhammad 'thighs' her|Muhammad "thighs" her]]

==External links==
*https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercrural_sex

[[Category:Aisha]]
[[Category:Child Marriage]]
[[Category:Human rights]]
[[Category:Shariah (Islamic Law)]]
[[Category:Criticism of Islam]]

User talk:Prekladator

2022-01-30T01:05:44Z

Tyciol:

== Whale ==

I recollected that I had made long ago some notes on the whale [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Cosmology|here]]. One or two of the sources are the same as the main whale article. Good for yuo to expand instead of translating! [[User:Saggy|Saggy]] ([[User talk:Saggy|talk]]) 15:22, 14 January 2017 (EST)

== [[WikiIslam:Sandbox/Diversity in Islam]] ==

What columns do you plan to add in it? [[User:Saggy|Saggy]] ([[User talk:Saggy|talk]]) 03:09, 1 April 2017 (EDT)

: I don't know, maybe "Tolerate homosexuality"? Just controversial topics that most of the sects would agree on. You can work on it if you want. --[[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 05:50, 1 April 2017 (EDT)
::Ok. topics should be Vertical or horizontal? If we get too many topics... [[User:Saggy|Saggy]] ([[User talk:Saggy|talk]]) 09:15, 1 April 2017 (EDT)

::: I personally would let it as it is. The sects list is also not complete. I think Ahmadiyya is divided into two sects, one thinks Mirza was a nabi and the other rejects it. There are also sufi, salafi.. I think that if there were too many columns, then we could create more tables and instead of "Overview", every table would have a name like "Women", "Violence" etc.

:::Also I was planning above the table to have some info about those sects like "sunni" with subsections hanbali, salafi etc. and the table(s) would be only an overview. --[[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 10:37, 1 April 2017 (EDT)

:::Now I realized, topics should definitely be as they are - in columns, so that people can sort the column by yes and no, so that they can easily find sects that say yes. --[[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 10:49, 1 April 2017 (EDT)

:::And I got two more things to say. I think we should use the Discussion page for the aricle to talk about it so that other understand why it is as it is. And second, I got exhausted by looking for references in those big Arabic books and that's why I stopped working on it. So maybe some english sources would be better. Although I wanted to use the primary sources of the sect. Also I am afraid that english materials will be too modern and not as barabaric as the Arabic originals. --[[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 11:11, 1 April 2017 (EDT)
::::Ok we will take it to that article's page. [[User:Saggy|Saggy]] ([[User talk:Saggy|talk]]) 16:12, 1 April 2017 (EDT)

Hie. The table is not becoming larger on right side. do you know how to fix this? [[User:Saggy|Saggy]] ([[User talk:Saggy|talk]]) 09:46, 9 April 2017 (EDT)
:: In columns or cells? Cells are added by putting the "||"s on every row. --[[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 05:56, 10 April 2017 (EDT)
:::I did that but the screen does not become scrollable to right side. [[User:Saggy|Saggy]] ([[User talk:Saggy|talk]]) 14:57, 10 April 2017 (EDT)
::::That would be ugly. I have divided it. But now I think that this article will take infinite time. Either we need someone who studied Islam in Arabic to fill it, or we should at least finish some columns and publish at least a smaller table. I think there eventually should be two pages, one in the sandbox (unfinished) and one in the main-space (smaller, but with all answers and referenced). --[[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 19:20, 10 April 2017 (EDT)
:::::Taking it to article's talk page. [[User:Saggy|Saggy]] ([[User talk:Saggy|talk]]) 11:35, 11 April 2017 (EDT)

==Need an opinion on genocides==
Here is the list I made and expanded [https://wikiislam.net/wiki/List_of_Genocides,_Cultural_Genocides_and_Ethnic_Cleansings_under_Islam]. I am reading nowadays about many Muslims massacring Muslims throughout history. If I continue with listing all these massacres, do you think it weakens the article? [[User:Saggy|Saggy]] ([[User talk:Saggy|talk]]) 12:58, 27 May 2017 (EDT)

:: No, I think the article should show that Islam produces violence against both Muslims and non-Muslims. If it was only about killing non-Muslims, then one (Muslim) might think that after all non-Muslims are killed, there will be peace on earth. --[[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 06:11, 28 May 2017 (EDT)
:::You bet. [[User:Saggy|Saggy]] ([[User talk:Saggy|talk]]) 06:22, 28 May 2017 (EDT)

Can you aprove [https://wikiislam.net/index.php?title=Questions_to_Ask_About_Islam&oldid=111694&diff=cur this page]? Not too time consuming but has many added interesting questions for Muslims (maybe can be expanded). [[User:Saggy|Saggy]] ([[User talk:Saggy|talk]]) 07:14, 15 July 2017 (EDT)

== Good day ==

Good day. I would like to contact admins. Are yourself an admin? [[User:Guillotino|Guillotino]] ([[User talk:Guillotino|talk]]) 18:35, 2 March 2018 (EST)

:: Hi, nope. I got only rights to write articles and accept pending changes. If you want someone all-powerful, [https://wikiislam.net/wiki/User_talk:Lightyears Lightyears] seems to be. Or just write into the [[WikiIslam:Discussions]]. [[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 02:19, 3 March 2018 (EST)
:::Both of them are not look very active. [[User:Guillotino|Guillotino]] ([[User talk:Guillotino|talk]]) 14:41, 4 March 2018 (EST)
::::Hello again! Can you expand with some cruel names of Allah in your recent article? I can remember of reading names in the verses like the worst of deceivers and torturers. Can I add these names? [[User:Guillotino|Guillotino]] ([[User talk:Guillotino|talk]]) 10:09, 17 June 2018 (EDT)
:::::I'm still working on that article. I will move it from "WikiIslam:Sandbox/99 names of Allah" to "99 names of Allah" when it's finished. [[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 11:14, 17 June 2018 (EDT)
::::::Hello long time no see. I also was busy. I thought of putting some of the things came to my mind before I forget. I also thought of making a separate sand box but the admin told me not to make any sand boxes. so I have expanded this portion for you: [https://wikiislam.net/wiki/WikiIslam:Sandbox/99_names_of_Allah#One_name_is_enough_to_raise_a_thousand_questions_and_probably_defeat_Islam]. I pray it is ok! [[User:Guillotino|Guillotino]] ([[User talk:Guillotino|talk]]) 17:58, 24 June 2018 (EDT)
:::::::grrr.. I will finish it. I just don't have the time currently. Of course I know about the "best deceiver" thing and I was planning to include it. I think admins, by telling you not to make sandboxes and stuff, they are trying to politely say to stop adding stuff, because your contributions are not scholarly enough. For example in your contribution, "and probably defeat Islam" is just an opinion. Rather show people the facts and let them use their own brain and decide whether Islam is right or wrong. And the last sentences seem to assume that the existence of Satan is an established fact. [[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 16:37, 25 June 2018 (EDT)
:::::::::Sorry. Let me try to make it right. [[User:Guillotino|Guillotino]] ([[User talk:Guillotino|talk]]) 14:29, 26 June 2018 (EDT)

Good day. Can I edit your latest article? [[User:Guillotino|Guillotino]] ([[User talk:Guillotino|talk]]) 17:21, 28 July 2018 (UTC)
:: Yes. I'm not going to add anything to it now, although I know it could be expanded a lot. I just hope that you want to add something valuable. [[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 17:25, 28 July 2018 (UTC)
:::Of course I want to. [[User:Guillotino|Guillotino]] ([[User talk:Guillotino|talk]]) 18:12, 28 July 2018 (UTC)

== Can I add something to the exoplanets miracle? ==

Hello. I have found something that i can add in the article [[Exoplanets in the Quran]]. Can I? [[User:Guillotino|Guillotino]] ([[User talk:Guillotino|talk]]) 21:37, 22 November 2019 (UTC)

I have thought of a section on common sense for [[Bacteria in the Quran Miracle]]. It is common sense to remove shoes inside a house. Can I add this also?
::It's wiki, you can add anything, but it might get deleted if it doesn't add value. I don't know what you want to add. And do you have sources that show it was common sense to take off shoes? Just because it's common sense now doesn't necessarily mean it was common sense for ancient people. [[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 10:35, 23 November 2019 (UTC)

== Raleigh scattering ==
Hello. I was reading your https://wikiislam.net/wiki/Rayleigh_Scattering_Not_In_The_Quran article. The last line is like awesome. [[User:Guillotino|Guillotino]] ([[User talk:Guillotino|talk]]) 18:03, 29 November 2019 (UTC)

:: Thanks. I've moved them into [[Scientific Miracles in the Quran]]. If someone still takes "scientific miracles" seriously after reading all of that, then he's an idiot. I'm going to take a big break.

== WikiIslam Revamp Project==

Hi Prekladator, I am Alan Smith, the new head editor of WikiIslam. I just wanted to let you know that as of a month ago the administrative team of Ex-Muslims of North America has initiated a new project to redefine the scope of WikiIslam and improve the quality of the articles here on WikiIslam. As part of this refinement of scope, we are removing articles which are purely polemic or argumentative in nature vis-a-vis the claims of Islamic apologists. We are doing this because our end goal is to rebuild WikiIslam as THE definitive academic source for information on Islam, its theology, texts, and history. We will be preserving all of this material on our archive which you can fine at archive.wikiislam.net and the links on Google search will also be preserved by redirecting to the archive site. In the fullness of time we intend to migrate this material to a new site focused on apologetics and anti-apologetics which we are currently referring to internally as "WikiExIslam" (name subject to change in the future). As such we will be removing such apologetics/anti-apologetics articles from the front end of the website for now. If we remove anything you think should not be removed or you are unable to find removed material on the Archive Site or if the redirect isn't working correctly, please feel free to reach out to me at asmith@exmuslims.org

:: I wasn't planning to do more much work anyway. I want to focus more on my life now. I did a lot of work and I was proud, because I've made big portions of systematic debunks and many of them weren't debunked previously. That was before I realized that bad admins can throw the result of dozens of hours of my work to trash. But I hope it will be preserved somehow, although I don't see what's going on, because your plans are not very transparent. From what you're writing, I'm not convinced, that quality equals not arguing against Islam. For me quality is that the claims are true, and the arguments make sense and it's all beneficial for the reader. The concept that "arguing against Islam is baad" sounds islamist. Also I don't agree that apologetics and debunks of apologetics have to be removed to make it more academic. I think academics deal regularly with apologetics. People who study Islam in universities learn apologetic interpretations. So why Wikiislam thinks that apologetics is somehow separate from Islam? We could say that all classical scholars and even Muhammad himself was kinda apologist for Islam. For example the hadith which said that people used to say "sister of Aron" also was apologetic in nature. And it is a part of Islam and it should be analyzed in articles about Islam. Not separately.
::"rebuild WikiIslam as THE definitive academic source for information on Islam, its theology, texts, and history" - Islam, its theology, texts and history are defined by Islam and therefore are pro-islamically biased. This bias should be balanced by criticism.
:: I don't know if I can trust that the archive will be preserved, because I think you want to delete the argumentations because some people are complaining, but they will probably keep complaining until you delete the archive as well and they will be complaining until the website doesn't become pro-Islamically biased. Which would be a pity, because it used to be the center of criticism of Islam. That was what made WikiIslam special.
:: I don't like WikiExIslam. "ex-Islam" would mean that something stopped being Islam. And for example "The Apostate Prophet" also doesn't make sense, but at least it's funny. But ex-Islam, co me on. If pure anti-apologetic polemics were on a subdomain apologetics.wikiislam.net, that I would find acceptable, although I just think that apologetics have to be dealt with in regular articles. In my opinion, Islamic apologetics are internal parts of Islam. You can't make an academic article about Aisha's age of consummation without mentioning the apologetics. And if you mention the apologetics then it would be a crime not to mention the problems in those arguments. But if it's purely "Responses to apologetics" maybe then it could be something like apologetics.wikiislam.net or polemics.wikiislam.net or something. But please not ex-Islam. I myself am not an ex-Muslim, although I'm in contact with ex-Muslims and I like their culture when it comes to criticism of Islam. But the criticism shouldn't be "ex-Muslim thing". There are many non-Muslims interested in criticism of Islam and need sources.
:: When it comes to the changes that I've seen. And before I say it, I want to say that I can understand some changes that were made and I'm not saying that everything new is bad, but I just think like, if the change is good, then let it be and if it's bad let's talk about it. I've notice one change, it was in a sense of "this verse calls for violence" changed to "this verse is used by extremists" - the new version indicates as if acting upon it was something not desired by the author of the text and as if it was a misinterpretation of some lunatics. But Muhammad, his companions and classical scholars understood the calls for violence to be calls for violence. So are we now going to pretend that "nooo all religions are peaceful and only baad people don't understand them" for the sake of political correctness?
:: As for my deleted content, I miss my overview of deceptive tactics in [[Muhammad's prophecies]]. It was inspired by a similar part in word count miracles article and I find it useful, because when you have something that has a high quantity (for example scientific miracles, or word count miracles or prophecies), it's not enough to just point out the inconsistencies in every particular miracle. Because there are some things that are wrong in general in the whole topic and it should be summarized. It should be pointed out that there is something wrong with the whole apologetic methodology.I think that a long lists of miracles presented by apologists can be overwhelming and it's good to see that it's actually not amazing, because it all relies on similar strategies. I could handle if it was moved to the purely anti-apologetic part, but it seems it's just deleted and Muhammad's miracles is not in the archive website, the archive is from some old version of Wikiislam. Maybe it's a pity I wasn't in contact with you guys, because sometimes I had a deep thought behind an article, but you see only the article. Not that I want to now cooperate, as I've said, I want to move away from dealing with Islam. I don't see the religion challenging anymore anyway. In times of Zakir Naik and ISIS, it looked like it's strong intellectually and politically. But now with Muhammad Hijab, the religion look pathetic. I don't see new arguments for Islam. It seems that now it's just people in echo chambers slowly realizing the truth.
:: I will continue studying Arabic, but I don't see why I should study more of Islam. It's dead for me. [[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 18:53, 9 September 2020 (UTC)

Good morning [[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]]. First off I want to take the time to acknowledge your contributions to the site and to the debunking of Islamic apologetics in general. You are completely correct that Islamic apologetic arguments need to be answered and where false debunked. This is important work, and I once again thank you for it. And I understand your frustration with the opaqueness of the process. It is a problem we recognize and are working right now to fix. We do need to be transparent with the community with what we are doing, and I thank you for underlining the urgency of this. Finally I also want to answer your objection to the "WikiExIslam" site idea. I want to reiterate that this is a working title, and it will be changed. I myself am not an ExMuslim and have spent years of my life studying Islam and yes arguing with its proponents. The name of the site is in no way to imply that never-Muslims like you and I have no place in the criticism of Islam.
As for our process, I want to offer some transparency here. The issue is NOT that we are bowing to political correctness in seeking to reform the language and content here. Rather the issue is that we are seeking a degree of academic validity. We want WikiIslam to be a place where specialists - news media, fact checkers and academics who study Islam - will participate, offer expertise and take advantage of the resources here on offer. Although we understand (and perhaps even sympathize with) the reason for the existence of articles such as "The Tragedy of Aisha" or "The Non-Miracle of Solar Flares in the Qur'an" it must be understood that no credible academic will put their name to a project with material such as this, nor would academics consult an encyclopedia with such material. We understand the moral revulsion and incredulity sparked by Islamic scriptures, dogma, doctrine, and claims of revelation and miracles, however, we here at ExMNA believe that the problems inherent Islamic history, scripture, doctrines and beliefs are sufficient to speak for themselves. Invective and inflammatory rhetoric are not necessary to deal with them, but rather make it easier for those seeking to dismiss a critical understanding of Islam to do so. Where polemic or rhetoric might be called for, we will have a site (which will not be WikiExIslam, despite the tentative internal name) which will provide a home to this material. Let me be clear: although we wish to be even in tone, our site will be hosting and making public the devastating historical critiques of the Islamic origin narrative by such luminaries as Patricia Crone, Michael Cook, Gabriel Said Reynolds, and Stephen Shoemaker as well as highlighting original work by various writers, all while continuing to emphasize Islam’s traditional, Arabic sources.
Once again I want to thank you for your contributions to WikiIslam. If you no longer wish to write on the subject of Islam I totally understand, however if you change your mind I encourage you to reach out to me at asmith@exmuslims.org We would love to have your help. All the best. [[User:asmith|asmith]] WikiIslam Lead Editor and Administrator

:: As I've said, when something is good, I let it be, so I respond only to what I disagree with. "The tragedy of Aisha", I haven't read it, but it sounds poetic and more like an opinion, so I don't like that title. But I wouldn't mind if you extracted the facts and arguments from it and put it in other articles about Aisha. But as for my article about solar flares in the Quran, if "non-miracle" sounds ironic/funny (and it is), you can change it to "miracle". But I think it is a serious topic whether solar flares are or are not in the Quran. Although for rationally sober people, it might sound like a funny topic, for apologists and Muslims who trust them, the question whether solar flares in the Quran are present is serious. And I think that academics who deal with the concept of "scientific miracles in the Quran" can benefit from such an article. And I want to emphasize, that this science is a science of religion. So it's not an exact science like math or physics. Academics who study religion are studying the questionable claims of self-proclaimed "god-sent people" and interpretations of their followers. So they have to deal with ridiculous claims all the time. You might say as well "oh some guy claimed he met angel Gabriel, this is not an academic topic at all" and you can close the whole website based on that... and also this website could never become a primary source. The best it can do is to provide primary sources, which it does, in my articles I quote the most respected translations and classical interpretations. I don'know.. do you expect that academics will use WikiIslam as a source? :D lol. I wouldn't use the opinion of the academics as a source. The only relevant sources are the early Islamic texts and classical interpretations.
:: I don't agree that Islamic texts speak for themselves. They are all pro-Islamically biased and it's not apparent, especially not for pro-Islamically biased Muslims, that there are flaws in the narrative.
:: As for "inflammatory rhetoric", I think that criticism of Islam is inflammatory to pious Muslims in general and I think we should not censor criticism of Islam to not inflame pious Muslims. I think that the problem is that they are inflammable. They should not be inflammable by facts and valid arugments and they should not be shielded from them, but they should be confronted with them. And also I don't think that you can solve the problem of Muslims dismissing criticism of Islam by not criticizing Islam. Even if you stop criticizing Islam and they will read your pro-Islamic articles, they will still dismiss criticism of Islam. And even if they find some problems in the Islamic texts themselves, the will dismiss them.
:: I'm not currently planning to participate. Btw. I was thinking before of the topic of "Poverty of Muhammad" (سؤال جريء has a nice episode about it), it would be good to shed light on the topic of poor Muhammad who didn't get anything from his preaching versus the war booties etc. so you can write something about it. But if I find a motivation to continue delving in the topic of Islam, I think I would use a different method than writing here. But I don't know the future. I'm just saying I'm not currently planning it. [[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 19:30, 17 September 2020 (UTC)

== WikiIslam Discord==

I am glad to see you back contributing prekladator. We have set up a Discord server for people who wish to contribute to the wiki to communicate with one another, I would be honored to see you there. Please let me know here or on my email if you would like a username and credentials.--[[User:Asmith|Asmith]] ([[User talk:Asmith|talk]]) 23:31, 4 December 2020 (UTC)

:: I've spent all day on that article and it's finished from my point of view. I thought I would now take a break again. But I guess you can give me a username. I guess I will have to explain why you should not delete my article that I just finished. [[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 22:18, 4 December 2020 (UTC)

:::OK very good. Where would you like us to send your username and credentials? You can email me at asmith@exmuslims.org if you like and we can get them to you from there.--::[[User:Asmith|Asmith]] ([[User talk:Asmith|talk]]) 23:32, 4 December 2020 (UTC)

:::: I really wanted to just finish that article. I'll write you an email when I decide to do more. [[User:Prekladator|Prekladator]] ([[User talk:Prekladator|talk]]) 19:50, 7 December 2020 (UTC)

==vol 2 of Tahreer al-Waseelah==
Do you know a place I could read this online for free? I found a free copy of volume 1 on archive.org but having trouble finding vol 2. [[User:Tyciol|Tyc]] ([[User talk:Tyciol|talk]]) 01:05, 30 January 2022 (UTC)

Thighing

2015-12-28T02:07:46Z

Tyciol: Created page with "The process of '''thighing''' refers to rubbing between the legs as an alternate to sexual intercourse when that is not possible due to age or menstruation. ==See also== *Q..."

The process of '''thighing''' refers to rubbing between the legs as an alternate to sexual intercourse when that is not possible due to age or menstruation.

==See also==
*[[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Aisha#"Thighing" Aisha]]
*[[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Sexuality#Muhammad 'thighs' her]]
*[[Videos on Islam: Women#Part 1/6]]

==External links==
*https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercrural_sex
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20110930101717/http://www.faithfreedom.org/articles/muhammad-thighied-aish/ 30 September 2011 archive of FaithFreedom.Org article]

[[Category:Muhammad and Aisha]]
[[Category:Terms]]

File:Thighing.jpg

2015-12-28T02:06:31Z

Tyciol:

File:Thighing.png

2015-12-28T02:05:30Z

Tyciol: [https://bharatabharati.wordpress.com/2011/10/11/fatwa-number-41409-thighing-muslim-scholars/ Source]

[https://bharatabharati.wordpress.com/2011/10/11/fatwa-number-41409-thighing-muslim-scholars/ Source]

Wife Beating in Islamic Law

2013-07-14T22:55:17Z

Tyciol: /* Wife-Beating in the Hadiths */

[[File:A scene from submission.jpg|right|thumb|278px|A scene from Submission, a film about domestic violence in Islam, by Theo van Gogh. (''[[Videos_on_Islam:_Violence_Against_Women#Submission|watch the film]]'')]]
This article explores how [[Wife Beating|wife-beating]] is promoted in the [[Qur'an]] and [[Hadith]]s, along with commentary from Muslim scholars, [[Muslim Statistics|statistics]] on wife beating in the Muslim world, and common apologetic arguments made by Muslims and [[Refutations|responses]] to them.

==Introduction==

Wife-beating in the Muslim world comes from the teachings of [[Islamic|Islamic]] [[Islam and Scripture|religious texts]] such as the Qur'an and the Hadiths. Because of this, domestic violence has been used as a tool to maintain control and dominance over Muslim women, this has created an intensely patriarchal society where men rule women and women must submit to men.

==Islamic Scriptures and Wife-Beating==
{{Main|Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Violence Against Women}}

===Wife-Beating in the Qur'an===

Domestic violence is a societal problem in many countries, but in the Muslim world it is divinely ordained and justified by the Qur'an.

{{Quote|{{Quran|4|34}}|Men have authority over women because God has made the one superior to the other, and because they spend their wealth to maintain them. Good women are obedient. They guard their unseen parts because God has guarded them. As for those whom you fear disobedience, admonish them and send them to beds apart and '''beat them'''. Then if they obey you, take no further action against them. Surely God is most high.}}

[[Surah]] 4:34 seems to establish men as having authority over their wives and the women are to be obedient to their husbands. If the wife disobeys the husband, the husband has the right admonish them, send them to beds apart and beat them.

To have a better understanding of Surah 4:34 other translations will be quoted.

{{Quote|{{Quran|4|34}}|'''Yusuf Ali:''' Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has given the one more (strength) than the other, and because they support them from their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient, and guard in (the husband's) absence what Allah would have them guard. As to those women on whose part ye fear disloyalty and ill-conduct, admonish them (first), (Next), refuse to share their beds, (And last) '''beat them''' (lightly); but if they return to obedience, seek not against them Means (of annoyance): For Allah is Most High, great (above you all).

'''Pickthall:''' Men are in charge of women, because Allah hath made the one of them to excel the other, and because they spend of their property (for the support of women). So good women are the obedient, guarding in secret that which Allah hath guarded. As for those from whom ye fear rebellion, admonish them and banish them to beds apart, and '''scourge them'''. Then if they obey you, seek not a way against them. Lo! Allah is ever High, Exalted, Great.

'''Shakir:''' Men are the maintainers of women because Allah has made some of them to excel others and because they spend out of their property; the good women are therefore obedient, guarding the unseen as Allah has guarded; and (as to) those on whose part you fear desertion, admonish them, and leave them alone in the sleeping-places and '''beat them'''; then if they obey you, do not seek a way against them; surely Allah is High, Great. )}}

All three translations agree with each other and establish the Qur'an promotes wife-beating. The Qur'an states two methods must be used to make the wife become obedient and if they do not work, then wife-beating is permitted. It also states men have authority over women, and women are to be obedient, thus establishing an authoritarian structure with the husband as head of the wife. In fact the Qur'an states Allah created men to be maintainers of women and men are superior to women, therefore Allah did not create men and women as equals.

The Qur'an also states the prophet Job (Ayyub) was permitted to beat his wife in Surah 38:41-44:

{{Quote|{{Quran-range|38|41|44}}|And remember Our servant Ayyub, when he called upon his Lord: The Shaitan has afflicted me with toil and torment. Urge with your foot; here is a cool washing-place and a drink. And We gave him his family and the like of them with them, as a mercy from Us, and as a reminder to those possessed of understanding. And '''take in your hand a green branch and beat her with It''' and do not break your oath; surely We found him patient; most excellent the servant! Surely he was frequent m returning (to Allah).}}

===Wife-Beating in the Hadiths===

Some Muslims deny the Qur'an permits wife-beating and claim surah 4:34 has been misinterpreted, but in the Hadiths there are several examples, from various Hadith narrators and collectors, of Muhammad divinely ordaining wife-beating, thus confirming the correct understanding of surah 4:34.

In our first hadith, [[Muhammad]] causes his wife [[Aisha]] physical pain by striking her in the chest.

{{Quote|{{Muslim|4|2127}}|Muhammad b. Qais said (to the people): Should I not narrate to you (a hadith of the Holy Prophet) on my authority and on the authority of my mother? We thought that he meant the mother who had given him birth. He (Muhammad b. Qais) then reported that it was 'A'isha who had narrated this: Should I not narrate to you about myself and about the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)? We said: Yes. She said: When it was my turn for Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) to spend the night with me, he turned his side, put on his mantle and took off his shoes and placed them near his feet, and spread the corner of his shawl on his bed and then lay down till he thought that I had gone to sleep. He took hold of his mantle slowly and put on the shoes slowly, and opened the door and went out and then closed it lightly. I covered my head, put on my veil and tightened my waist wrapper, and then went out following his steps till he reached Baqi'. He stood there and he stood for a long time. He then lifted his hands three times, and then returned and I also returned. He hastened his steps and I also hastened my steps. He ran and I too ran. He came (to the house) and I also came (to the house). I, however, preceded him and I entered (the house), and as I lay down in the bed, he (the Holy Prophet) entered the (house), and said: Why is it, O 'A'isha, that you are out of breath? I said: There is nothing. He said: Tell me or the Subtle and the Aware would inform me. I said: Messenger of Allah, may my father and mother be ransom for you, and then I told him (the whole story). He said: Was it the darkness (of your shadow) that I saw in front of me? I said: Yes. '''He struck me on the chest which caused me pain,''' and then said: Did you think that Allah and His Apostle would deal unjustly with you? She said: Whatsoever the people conceal, Allah will know it. He said: Gabriel came to me when you saw me. He called me and he concealed it from you. I responded to his call, but I too concealed it from you (for he did not come to you), as you were not fully dressed. I thought that you had gone to sleep, and I did not like to awaken you, fearing that you may be frightened. He (Gabriel) said: Your Lord has commanded you to go to the inhabitants of Baqi' (to those lying in the graves) and beg pardon for them. I said: Messenger of Allah, how should I pray for them (How should I beg forgiveness for them)? He said: Say, Peace be upon the inhabitants of this city (graveyard) from among the Believers and the Muslims, and may Allah have mercy on those who have gone ahead of us, and those who come later on, and we shall, God willing, join you.}}

In the next hadith, Abu Bakr (the first Rightly-Guided [[Caliph]] of Islam), also strikes (his daughter) Aisha violently with his fist.

{{Quote|{{Bukhari|8|82|828}}, See also: {{Bukhari|1|7|330}}, and {{Bukhari|6|60|132}}|Narrated Aisha:Abu Bakr came to towards me and '''struck me violently with his fist''' and said, "You have detained the people because of your necklace." But I remained motionless as if I was dead lest I should awake Allah's Apostle although that hit was very painful.}}

In the following hadith, Abu Bakr informs Muhammad he slapped [[Khadijah|Khadijah’s]] daughter, and Muhammad responds by laughing and tells Abu Bakr his wives are asking him for more money. Abu Bakr and Umar (the second Rightly-Guided Caliph of Islam) respond by slapping [[Muhammad's Wives|Muhammad's wives]], Hafsa and (for the third time) Aisha. Later on Muhammad gives a decree instructing men to not beat their wives, but changes his mind once Umar informs him that some of the women have become embolden towards their husbands. The women complain to Muhammad and he responds by stating they are not the best among you and a man will not be asked as to why he beats his wife.

{{Quote|{{Abudawud|11|2139-2142}}|Jabir b. Abdullah ( Allah be pleased with them ) reported: Abu Bakr ( Allah be pleased with him ) came and sought permission to see Allah’s Messenger ( may be peace upon him ). He found people sitting on the floor at his door and none amongst them had been granted permission and it was granted to him, and he found Allah’s apostles ( may peace be upon him ) sitting sad and silent with his wives around him. He ( Hadrat ‘Umar ) said: Messenger of Allah, I wish you had seen ( the treatment meted out to ) the daughter of Khadijah when you asked me some money, and '''I got up and slapped her on the neck.''' Allah’s Messenger ( may peace be upon him ) laughed and said: They are around me as you see, asking for extra money. Abu Bakr ( Allah be pleased with him )then got up and went to Aisha ( Allah be pleased with her ) and '''slapped her on the neck''', and Umar stood before Hafsa and '''slapped her saying''': You ask Allah’s messenger ( may peace be upon him ) for anything he does not possess. Then he withdrew from them for a month or for twenty-nine days. This verse was revealed to him: “Prophet say to thy wives...for a mighty reward”. He then went first to Aisha ( Allah be pleased with her ) and said: I want to propound something to you, Aisha, but wish no hasty reply before you consult your parents. She said: Messenger of Allah, what is that? He said ( the Holy Prophet ) recited to her the verse, whereupon she said: Is it about you that I should consult my parents, Messenger of Allah? Nay, I choose Allah, His Messenger, and the Last Abode, but I ask you not to tell any of your wives what I have replied: Not one of them will ask me without my informing her. God did not send me to be harsh, or cause harm, but he sent me to teach and make things easy.Narrated Mu'awiyah al-Qushayri:I went to the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) and asked him: What do you say (command) about our wives? He replied: Give them food what you have for yourself, and clothe them by which you clothe yourself, and do not beat them, and do not revile them. Narrated Abdullah Ibn Abu Dhubab: Iyas Ibn Abdullah Ibn Abu Dhubab reported the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) as saying: Do not beat Allah's handmaidens, but when Umar came to the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) and said: Women have become emboldened towards their husbands, he (the Prophet) '''gave permission to beat them'''. Then many women came round the family of the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) complaining against their husbands. So the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said: '''Many women have gone round Muhammad's family complaining against their husbands. They are not the best among you'''. Narrated Umar Ibn Al-Khattab: The Prophet ( peace be upon him ) said: '''A man will not be asked as to why he beat his wife'''.}}

In the next hadith, Ali (the fourth Rightly-Guided Caliph of Islam) gives a [[Slavery|slave-girl]] a violent beating in front of Muhammad.

{{Quote|Ibn Ishaq: p 496|As for Ali he said “Women are plentiful, and you can easily change one for another. Ask the slave girl; she will tell you the truth.” So the Apostle called Burayra to ask her and Ali got up and gave her a violent beating, saying, ‘Tell the Apostle the truth.’”}}

In the following hadith, a woman complains to Muhammad about her husband and shows him where he had beaten and bruised her. Muhammad listens to the husband’s side of the story and comes to the conclusion the reason why his wife is complaining is because he cannot sexually satisfy her and she wants to go back to her ex-husband, when all she is really saying is that he is abusing her. Instead of scolding her husband for beating her, Muhammad says she cannot [[Marriage|re-marry]] her ex unless she has [[Reproduction|sexual intercourse]] with her husband first.

Also in this hadith, Aisha states that she has not seen any woman suffering as much as the believing women, meaning Muslim women were suffering more than their [[Paganism|pagan]] and [[Abrahamic Religions|Abrahamic]] counterparts.

{{Quote|{{Bukhari|7|6|715}}|Narrated Ikrima: 'Rifaa divorced his wife whereupon Abdur-Rahman married her. Aisha said that the lady came wearing a green veil and complained to her (Aisha) and showed her a '''green spot on her skin caused by beating.''' It was the habit of ladies to support each other, so when Allah's messenger came, Aisha said, '''"I have not seen any woman suffering as much as the believing women. Look! Her skin is greener than her clothes'''! When Abdur-Rahman heard that his wife had gone to the prophet, he came with his two sons from another wife. She said, "By Allah! I have done no wrong to him, but he is impotent and is as useless to me as this," holding and showing the fringe of her garment. Abdur-Rahman said, "By Allah, O Allah's messenger! She has told a lie. I am very strong and can satisfy her, but she is disobedient and wants to go back to Rifaa." Allah's messenger said to her, "If that is your intention, then know that it is unlawful for you to remarry Rifaa unless Abdur-Rahman has had sexual intercourse with you." The prophet saw two boys with Abdur-Rahman and asked (him), "Are these your sons?" On that Abdur-Rahman said, "Yes." The prophet said, "You claim what you claim (that he is impotent)? But by Allah, these boys resemble him as a crow resembles a crow."}}

{{Quote|{{Muslim|9|3526-3527}}|Fatima bint Qais (Allah be pleased with her) reported that her husband divorced her with three, pronouncements and Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) made no provision for her lodging and maintenance allowance. She (further said): Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said to me: When your period of 'Idda is over, inform me. So I informed him. (By that time) Mu'awiya, Abu Jahm and Usama b. Zaid had given her the proposal of marriage. Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: So far as Mu'awiya is concerned, he is a poor man without any property. So far as Abu Jahm is concerned, '''he is a great beater of women''', but Usama b. Zaid... She pointed with her hand (that she did not approve of the idea of marrying) Usama. But Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon himn) said: Obedience to Allah and obedience to His Messenger is better for thee. She said: So I married him, and I became an object of envy. Fatima bint Qais (Allah be pleased with her) reported: My husband Abu 'Amr b. Hafs b. al-Mughira sent 'Ayyish b. Abu Rabi'a to me with a divorce, and he also sent through him five si's of dates and five si's of barley. I said: Is there no maintenance allowance for me but only this, and I cannot even spend my 'Idda period in your house? He said: No. She said: I dressed myself and came to Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him). He said: How many pronouncements of divorce have been made for you? I said: Three. He said what he ('Ayyish b. Abu Rabi'a) had stated was true. There is no maintenance allowance for you. Spend 'Idda period in the house of your cousin, Ibn Umm Maktum. He is blind and you can put off your garment in his presence. And when you have spent your Idda period, you inform me. She said: Mu'awiya and Abu'l-Jahm (Allah be pleased with them) were among those who had given me the proposal of marriage. Thereupon Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) said: Mu'awiya is destitute and in poor condition and Abu'l-Jahm '''is very harsh with women (or he beats women, or like that)''', you should take Usama b. Zaid (as your husband).}}

In the authentic version of the "[[Farewell Sermon]]", Muhammad compares women to domestic animals and once again orders men to beat their wives.

{{Quote|{{Tabari|9|pp. 112-113}}|"You have rights over your wives and they have rights over you. You have the right that they should not defile your bed and that they should not behave with open unseemliness. If they do, God allows you to put them in separate rooms and''' beat them''' but not with severity. If they refrain from these things they have the right to their food and clothing with kindness. Lay injunctions on women kindly, for they are prisoners with you having no control of their persons. You have taken them as a trust from God, and you have the enjoyment of their persons by the words of God, so understand…

Now then, O people, you have a right over your wives and they have a right over you. You have [the right] that they should not cause anyone of whom you dislike to tread on your beds; and that they should not commit any open indecency. If they do, then Allah permits you to shut them in separate rooms and '''to beat them''', but not severely. If they abstain from [evil], they have the right to their food and clothing in accordance with the custom. Treat women well, for they are [like] domestic animals with you and do not possess anything for themselves. You have taken them only as a trust from Allah, and you have made the enjoyment of their persons lawful by the word of Allah, so understand and listen to my words, O people.

Narrated Amr ibn al-Ahwas al-Jushami: Amr heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say in his farewell address on the eve of his Last Pilgrimage, after he had glorified and praised Allah, he cautioned his followers: "Listen! Treat women kindly; they are like prisoners in your hands. Beyond this you do not owe anything from them. Should they be guilty of flagrant misbehaviour, you may remove them from your beds, and '''beat them''' but do not inflict upon them any severe punishment. Then if they obey you, do not have recourse to anything else against them. Listen! You have your rights upon your wives and they have their rights upon you. Your right is that they shall not allow anyone you dislike, to trample your bed and do not permit those whom you dislike to enter your home. Their right is that you should treat them well in the matter of food and clothing.}}

In summation, we find in the Hadiths:

#Muhammad provided tacit approval of wife beating by not scolding Muslims for beating their wives
#Muhammad referred to women who spoke-out against abuse as "not the best among you"
#Muhammad forbid Muslims from questioning men who beat their wives
#Muhammad allowed others to hit his wives (the very women whom all Muslims adore and refer to as "the Mother of believers")
#Three of the four Rightly-Guided Caliphs beat women
#Muhammad reaffirms the command of wife-beating in his parting sermon
#Muhammad himself struck his wife in the chest

It is clear from all of the above that wife-beating has been an accepted part of Islam since its inception. Muhammad was not against domestic violence and indeed permitted wife-beating in Islam.

==Early and Modern Muslim Scholars on Wife-Beating==

Muslim scholars have written a lot of [[Tafsir|commentary]] in relation to wife-beating in the Qur'an. Here we will only quote a few scholars:

{{Quote|1=[http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=38&tid=44753 How Allah tested Sulayman then made Things easy for Him (Qur'an 38:41-44)] Tafsir Ibn Kathir|2=And remember Our servant Ayub, when he invoked his Lord (saying): "Verily, Shaytan has afflicted me with distress and torment!' (Allah said to him): "Strike the ground with your foot. This is (a spring of) water to wash in, cool and a drink." And We gave him (back) his family, and along with them the like thereof, as a mercy from Us, and a reminder for those who understand.
"And take in your hand a bundle of thin grass and '''strike therewith''' (your wife), and break not your oath." Truly, We found him patient. How excellent a servant! Verily, he was ever oft-returning in repentance (to Us)!}}

{{Quote|1=[http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=38&tid=44786 Ayyub] Tafsir Ibn Kathir|2=Ayyub, peace be upon him, got angry with his wife and was upset about something she had done, so he swore an oath that if Allah healed him, he would '''strike her with one hundred blows.''' When Allah healed him, how could her service, mercy, compassion and kindness be repaid with a beating So Allah showed him a way out, which was to take a bundle of thin grass, with one hundred stems, and hit her with it once. Thus he fulfilled his oath and avoided breaking his vow.}}

{{Quote|[http://answering-islam.org/Silas/wife-beating.htm Al-Nawawi] Reliance of the Traveller|"When a husband notices signs of rebelliousness in his wife (nushuz), whether in words, as when she answers him coldly when she used to do so politely, or he asks her to come to bed and she refuses, contrary to her usual habit; or whether in acts, as when he finds her averse to him when she was previously kind and cheerful), he warns her in words (without keeping from her or hitting her, for it may be that she has an excuse. The warning could be to tell her, "fear Allah concerning the rights you owe to me," or it could be to explain that rebelliousness nullifies his obligation to support her and give her a turn amongst other wives, or it could be to inform her, "Your obeying me is religiously obligatory"). If she commits rebelliousness, he keeps from sleeping (and having sex) with her without words, and '''may hit her''', but not in a way that injures her, meaning he may not (bruise her), break bones, wound her, or cause blood to flow. (It is unlawful to strike another’s face.) He may hit her whether she is rebellious only once or whether more than once, though a weaker opinion holds that he may hot hit her unless there is repeated rebelliousness."

If the wife does not fulfill one of the above-mentioned obligations, she is termed "rebellious" (nashiz), and the husband takes the following steps to correct matters:

(a) admonition and advice, by explaining the unlawfulness of rebellion, its harmful effect on married life, and by listening to her viewpoint on the matter;

(b) if admonition is ineffectual, he keeps from her by not sleeping in bed with her, by which both learn the degree to which they need each other;

(c) if keeping from her is ineffectual, '''it is permissible for him to hit her''' if he believes that hitting her will bring her back to the right path, though if he does not think so, it is not permissible. His hitting her may not be in a way that injures her, and is his last recourse to save the family.

(d) if the disagreement does not end after all this, each partner chooses an arbitrator to solve the dispute by settlement, or divorce.}}

{{Quote|1=[http://memri.org/bin/articles.cgi?Page=archives&Area=sd&ID=SP222909 Egyptian Cleric Galal Al-Khatib Explains Wife-Beating in Islam] MEMRI: Special Dispatch, No. 2229, February 5, 2009|2=How should the beatings go? Maybe a light slap on her shoulder, or maybe a not-so-light pinch, or a kind of gentle shove. He should make her feel that he wants to reform her, and let her know that he is displeased with her. It is like saying: None of the measures that work with sensitive people work with you. A word would be enough for any wife with lofty morals, but with you, words do not help. 

Then he attempts a new direction, appealing to her femininity and emotions, by making her feel that he doesn't want her or love her. When this doesn't work, he says to her: With you, '''I have reached a stage which is only appropriate for inhumane people - the stage of beating'''. 

Beating is one of the punishments of religious law. What kind of people are beaten? Virgin adulterers, both men and women, are beaten as a means of discipline. Who else is beaten? A person who committed an offense and was sentenced by the judge to beatings. Who else is beaten? Someone who committed a crime. By beating his wife, the husband is saying: You've committed a grave sin that merits beatings."}}

{{Quote|[http://www.memri.org/report/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/4048.htm Dr. Ahmad Al-Tayyeb, President of Al-Azhar University and former Mufti of Egypt] MEMRI: Special Dispatch No.2868, March 19, 2010|With regard to wife beating... In a nutshell, it appeared as part of a program to reform the wife. [According to the Koran], first 'admonish them,' [then] 'sleep in separate beds, and beat them.'...This method appeared as part of the treatment of a rebellious wife. I am faced with two options – either the family will be destroyed by divorce, or I can use means that may bring my wife, the mother of my children, back to her senses. The first means is admonishment...The second means of treatment is 'sleeping in separate beds.' Why? Because this targets the honor... A lot could be said about this. The strength of a woman lies in her ability to seduce the man. The man is strong and can do whatever he wants, but the woman has a weapon of her own. This weapon can be targeted. Many women will come back to their senses, when they realize that this is what's involved...By Allah, even if only one woman out of a million can be reformed by light beatings... '''It's not really beating, it's more like punching'''... It's like shoving or poking her. That's what it is.}}

{{Quote|[http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/10680/rights%20husband%20wife What are the rights of the husband and what are the rights of the wife?] Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 10680|Discipline. The husband has the right to discipline his wife if she disobeys him in something good, not if she disobeys him in something sinful, because '''Allaah has enjoined disciplining women by forsaking them in bed and by hitting them, when they do not obey'''.

The Hanafis mentioned four situations in which a husband is permitted to discipline his wife by hitting her. These are: not adorning herself when he wants her to; not responding when he calls her to bed and she is taahirah (pure, i.e., not menstruating); not praying; and going out of the house without his permission.}}

==Statistics on Domestic Violence in the Muslim world==
{{Main|Muslim Statistics (Women)}}

Given the fact Wife-beating is divinely ordained in Islam, one must wonder how this effects the Muslim world. Here are some statistics on domestic violence in the Muslim world:

;Afghanistan

{{Quote||'''Nearly 90 percent of Afghan women suffer from domestic abuse''', according to the United Nations Development Fund for Women. Despite that, there are less than a dozen shelters like this one in Afghanistan, usually run by non-governmental organizations.

Abusers are rarely prosecuted or convicted, and most women are afraid to say anything. "Their mothers are beaten by their fathers. They're beaten by their fathers, by their brothers. It's a way of life," said Manizha Naderi, director of WAW.<ref>Atia Abawi - [http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/asiapcf/09/23/afghanistan.women.abuse/index.html Afghan women hiding for their lives] - CNN, September 24, 2009</ref>}}

;Iran

{{Quote||Statistics in Iran show that '''66% of Iranian women, at the beginning of the marriage have been at least physically abused once'''. Some forms of physical abuse that occur include: biting, bondage, imprisonment in their own home, scratching, hair pulling, and even starving.<ref>Maryam Nayeb-Yazdi - [http://www.iranian.com/BTW/2006/February/Yazdi/index.html The violence that may never end] - Iranian.com, February 15, 2006</ref>}}

;Iraq

{{Quote||A recent report by the UN Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) '''registered 139 cases of violence against women''' in the northern region of Kurdistan in the second half of 2008 alone. '''It said 163 women were killed as a result of domestic violence''' in Kurdistan in 2009. Experts suggest '''the number is less than 5 percent of the real estimates'''.<ref>Afif Sarhan - [http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?c=Article_C&pagename=Zone-English-News/NWELayout&cid=1242759335091&utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=rss Iraq’s Domestic Violence Plight] - Islam Online, May 31, 2009
</ref>}}

;Jordan

{{Quote||'''91% of university students''' polled by the Jordanian Human Right Center approve of wife beating.

An earlier study by another organization found out that a majority of WOMEN also supports the right of a husband to beat the wife<ref>[http://www.360east.com/?p=429 All together now: YES for wife beatings!] - 360 East, May 7, 2006</ref>}}

{{Quote||According to the [National Family Council] report: 83% of Jordanian women approve of wife beating if the woman cheats on her husband 60% approve of wife beating in cases where the wife burns a meal she's cooking 52% approve of wife beating in case where she's refused to follow the husband’s orders<ref>Natasha Tynes - [http://web.archive.org/web/20051028032921/http://www.natashatynes.org/mental_mayhem/2005/04/disturbing_repo.html Disturbing report on wife beating in Jordan] - Mental Mayhem, April 10, 2005</ref>}}

;Pakistan

{{Quote||A study published in June 2006 in the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, based on interviews with 300 women admitted to hospital for childbirth, said '''80 percent reported being subjected to some kind of abuse within marriage'''. At times, the violence inflicted on women takes on truly horrendous forms. The Islamabad-based Progressive Women's Association (PWA), headed by Shahnaz Bukhari, believes '''up to 4,000 women are burnt each year''', almost always by husbands or in-laws, often as “punishment” for minor “offences” or for failure to bring in a sufficient dowry.

The PWA said it had collected details of nearly 8,000 such victims from March 1994 to March 2007, from three hospitals in the Rawalpindi-Islamabad area alone.<ref>[http://www.stopvaw.org/PAKISTAN_Domestic_violence_endemic_but_awareness_slowly_rising.html PAKISTAN: Domestic violence endemic, but awareness slowly rising] - The Advocates, March 11, 2008</ref>}}

{{Quote||The number of incidents of '''violence against women increased by 13 per cent in 2009''', says a report by the Aurat Foundation set to be released on Wednesday.

The report states that 8,548 incidents of violence against women were reported in 2009 compared to 7,571 incidents reported in 2008. Of these, 5,722 were reported to have occurred in Punjab, followed by 1,762 in Sindh, 655 in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and 237 in Balochistan. Similarly, 172 cases of violence against women were reported in Islamabad, the report said.<ref>[http://tribune.com.pk/story/24478/violence-against-women-rises-by-13/ Violence against women rises by 13% Violence against women rises by 13%] - The Express Tribune, June 29, 2010.</ref>}}

;Palestinian Authority area

{{Quote||Launched in January 1999, the [Women's Empowerment] project first established a research team, trained by Dr Abdo, which in turn began training community leaders on gender-based research methods. They have used these skills to interview a representative sample of 120 women from refugee camps, villages, and cities in the Gaza Strip to determine the incidence of gender-based violence. The preliminary results are alarming: '''half of the women interviewed to date have been victims of violence'''.

"Violence against women in Gaza basically means domestic violence," says research consultant Aitemad Muhanna. "Women are beaten by their husbands, beaten by their fathers, and even beaten by their brothers." Women are beaten for not fulfilling traditional roles — such as cooking, cleaning, or tending to their appearance — to a husband's satisfaction. Other abuses include harsh insults, sexual abuse among family, and marital rape.<ref>Doug Alexander - [http://www.idrc.ca/en/ev-5311-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html Addressing Violence Against Palestinian Women] - The International Development Research Centre, June 23, 2000</ref>}}

;Qatar

{{Quote||One in three wives in Qatar suffer physical or psychological violence from the side of their husband<ref name="ANSFeb232012">[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.ansamed.info/ansamed/en/news/sections/generalnews/2012/02/23/visualizza_new.html_103332042.html|2=2012-03-14}} Qatar: divorce peak caused by women, survey] - ANSAmed, February 23, 2012</ref>}}

;Turkey

{{Quote||London-based Refugee Workers Association Woman’s Group (GIK-DER) revealed disturbing news last week [in November, 2006] that '''up to 80% Turkish and Kurdish women are victims of domestic violence and sexual harassment.''' At the same time 70% of Turkish and Kurdish husbands cheat on their wives.<ref>http://www.toplumpostasi.net/index.php/cat/9/news/9633/PageName/English</ref>}}

{{Quote||According to a government study titled “Research on Domestic Violence against Women in Turkey,” '''41.9 percent of Turkish women are subjected to physical and sexual violence'''. Women at a “low-income level” are assaulted at a rate of 49.9 percent, while the number for higher-income women is still high, at 28.7 percent. . . . 
Altogether, 33.7 percent of women said they considered suicide as a solution to their problems.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=women-murder-victims-increase-snowballing-in-turkey-2011-02-20|2=2011-02-24}} Murder a fact of life for women in Turkey] - Hurriyet Daily News, February 20, 2011</ref>}}

{{Quote||According to a report by UN Women released in early July of last year [2011], '''Turkey tops Europe and the US in the number of incidences of violence against women'''. Official statistics reveal that four out of 10 women in Turkey are beaten by their husbands.<ref>Yonca Poyraz Doğan - [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.todayszaman.com/news-273005-womens-groups-outraged-by-cabinets-drastic-changes-to-violence-bill-draft.html|2=2012-03-03}} Women's groups outraged by Cabinet's drastic changes to violence bill draft] - Today's Zaman, March 1, 2012</ref>}}

;South Mediterranean Region

{{Quote||Violence against women in the home is the main emergency needed to be tackled by the Mediterranean's southern shores. '''The phenomenon affects between 40% and 75% of married women''', who suffer mainly at the hands of their husbands. This is the glaring figure contained in a study carried out by the Euromed Gender Equality Programme (EGEP), which has been presented at a conference held in Brussels. The 'Programme to enhance quality between men and women in the Euromed Region', which is financed by the European Union as part of neighbourhood policy, focussed on nine partner countries between 2008 and 2011: '''Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestinian Territories, Syria and Tunisia'''.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.ansamed.info/en/news/ME.XEF96737.html|2=2011-05-11}} Mediterranean: EU Study, Domestic Violence Between 40%, 75%] - ANSAmed, May 9, 2011</ref>}}

==Response From Muslim Women==

Because domestic violence is divinely ordained in Islam, it is an epidemic in many Muslim countries. Even though it is divinely sanctioned, some Muslim women have found the courage to speak against domestic violence and reach out to other Muslim women who are suffering, although some of these advocates still deny the fact Islam sanctions wife-beating.

{{Quote|[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3667349.stm Beaten Saudi Woman Speaks out] BBC News, April 30, 2004|My husband first tried to strangle me until I fell unconscious, then he tried to smash my face.

Every violent man will be able to see the suffering that he causes and every woman afraid of falling into a similar situation will be able to avoid what happened to me

Later he took me to the hospital while I was still unconscious and dropped me off at the gate. He didn't give them my name, my family's telephone number or anything about me.

When my mother finally arrived, the doctor told her I had only a 3% chance of survival.

The reason why he beat me up was very trivial, we had an argument in which we exchanged no more than four sentences.

He had no reason for attacking me this way, but it wasn't the first time he was violent, although he had never been that violent before.

Encouraging victims

I kept silent until now because I didn't want to see my family being torn apart. I thought that maybe if I was patient enough I could make him change.

Now that I've made my story public, I'm scared. I've almost been through death, so I guess it's pretty normal that I now fear for my life and for my children's lives.

I decided to have my picture published so that it would be a lesson for others, for every man and every woman.

I'm just hoping that the judge will be fair to me and that my husband receives a punishment equal to what he did to me. No more, no less
Every violent man will be able to see the suffering that he causes and every woman who is afraid of falling into a similar situation will be able to avoid what happened to me.

Some people have called me a heroine for doing so, but I don't know why.

Maybe people have appreciated that I dared to talk about a taboo subject so that others don't face the same thing.

In my opinion it isn't about being heroic, but about talking about what happens in reality.

However uncomfortable it is, it's better to talk about reality than to pretend that nothing bad is ever happening.

I believe I've encouraged other victims of domestic violence to follow suit.

I'm now campaigning with a human rights organisation which has received many letters and I have also received personally many letters of support from women saying that they will fight back.}}

{{Quote|[http://www.cnn.com/2009/LIVING/09/24/cnnheroes.robina.niaz/index.html Her 'duty' is Helping Muslim Women Heal After The Abuse] CNN Heroes, September 25, 2009|Toward the end of her marriage, Rabia Iqbal said she feared for her life.

Iqbal was born in New York to parents who had immigrated to the United States from the tribal areas of Pakistan. She had a strict Muslim upbringing and when she was 16, her parents arranged her marriage to a 38-year-old man. She claims her husband turned violent during their 10 years of marriage.

When she finally left him, she did not know where to turn. Going home wasn't an option, she said.

"My parents ... made clear that they would disown me," Iqbal said. "My father even said ... 'You're lucky you live in America because if you lived back home, you would have been dead by now.' "

She was hiding out in her office at work when a friend put her in touch with Robina Niaz, whose organization, Turning Point for Women and Families, helps female Muslim abuse victims.

"It was such a relief ... to speak about things that ... I thought no one would understand," said Iqbal, who has received counseling from Niaz for more than two years and calls Niaz her "savior."

"Robina understood the cultural nuances ... the religious issues," Iqbal said.

"There's a lot of denial," she said. "It makes it much harder for the victims of abuse to speak out."

When Niaz launched her organization in 2004, it was the first resource of its kind in New York City. Today, her one-woman campaign has expanded into a multifaceted endeavor that is raising awareness about family violence and providing direct services to women in need.

Niaz's mission began after a difficult period in her own life. Born and raised in Pakistan, she had earned a master's degree in psychology and had a successful career in international affairs and marketing when she moved to the United States to marry in 1990.

"It was a disastrous marriage," she said.

As Niaz struggled to navigate the American legal system during her divorce, she said she appreciated how lucky she was to speak English and have an education. She realized that many immigrant women without those advantages might be more likely to stay in marriages because they didn't know how to make the system work for them.

"If this is how difficult it is for me, then what must other immigrant women go through?" she remembered thinking.

After volunteering with South Asian victims of domestic violence, Niaz, who speaks five languages, got a job using those skills to advocate for immigrant women affected by family violence.

But Niaz's focus changed on September 11, 2001. "I was no longer a Pakistani-American ... I looked at myself as a Muslim."

Niaz said the backlash many Muslims experienced after the terror attacks made abuse victims more afraid to seek help; they feared being shunned for bringing negative attention to their community.

"Women who were caught in abusive marriages were trapped even more," recalled Niaz.

In 2004, Niaz used her savings to start Turning Point for Women and Families. Today, her work focuses on three main areas: providing direct services to abused women, raising awareness through outreach, and educating young women -- an effort she hopes will empower future generations to speak out against abuse.

Crisis intervention services are a critical element of Niaz's efforts. Through weekly counseling sessions, she and her team provide emotional support to the women while helping them with practical issues, such as finding homeless shelters, matrimonial lawyers, filing police reports or assisting with immigration issues.

Niaz has helped more than 200 Muslim women. While most of Turning Point's clients are immigrants, the group helps women from every background.

While Niaz has support from many people in New York's Muslim community, she acknowledges that not everyone appreciates her efforts. She keeps her office address confidential and takes precautions to ensure her safety.

"There have been threats ... but that comes with this work," she said. "I know that God is protecting me because I'm doing the right thing."}}

There are a few brave Muslim women who openly admit the truth. One of these is the Daily Beast’s Asra Q. Nomani, author of ''Standing Alone: An American Woman's Struggle for the Soul of Islam'', who rather eloquently refers to Muslim denial of wife-beating in the Qur'an as the "4:34 dance".

{{Quote|[http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2010-09-08/get-over-the-quran-burning/ Get Over the Quran Burning] Asra Q. Nomani, The Daily Beast, September 8, 2010|Look at one literal reading of the 34th verse of the fourth chapter of the Quran, An-Nisa, or Women. "[A]nd (as to) those on whose part you fear desertion, admonish them and leave them alone in the sleeping-places and beat them," reads one widely accepted translation. Based on a literal reading, Saudi scholar Abdul Rahman al-Sheha concludes that when dealing with a “disobedient wife,” a Muslim man has a number of options. First, he should remind her of “the importance of following the instructions of the husband in Islam.” If that doesn't work, he can “leave the wife's bed.” Finally, he may “beat” her, though it must be without “hurting, breaking a bone, leaving blue or black marks on the body and avoiding hitting the face, at any cost.”

Such appalling recommendations occur because we haven't yet universally drawn a line in the sand, as Muslims, and said that this verse may have been progressive for the seventh century when women were supposedly beaten indiscriminately, but it isn't compatible with the modern day, if read literally. Instead, we do something called the "4:34 dance," suggesting that the light beating be the result of everything from hitting a woman with noodles (yes, you read that right) to a traditional toothbrush, called a “miswak,” from the root of a plant.}}

==Objections Made by Muslim Apologists==

Given the fact wife-beating is sanctioned in [[Islam and Scripture|Islamic religious texts]], Muslim apologists try to deny this. Here are some arguments made by Muslim apologists.

Pamela K. Taylor is the co-founder of Muslims for progressive values, former director of the Islamic Writers Alliance and strong supporter of the women Imam movement. On Faith Panelist Blog she states:

{{Quote|[http://newsweek.washingtonpost.com/onfaith/panelists/pamela_k_taylor/2009/02/aasiya_hassan_domestic_violenc.html Aasiya Zubair Hassan, Domestic Violence and Islam] Pamela K. Taylor, The Washington Post, February 27, 2009|The brutal and gruesome murder of Aasiya Zubair Hassan has prompted a great deal of soul searching in the Muslim community. National organizations, the local community, imams, Muslim social workers, activists and writers have all agonized over how the community did not do enough to protect Aasiya, despite evidence that her husband, the man charged with killing her, was known to be violent. They have called for imams to preach against domestic violence as against the standards of Islam, and for communities to stand in solidarity with Muslim women who complain of abuse, rather than counseling patience or questioning if there is anything they might have done to cause the abuse, or that they could change in order to avert future abuse. 
To be sure, domestic violence is indeed against the teachings of Islam, and murder of family members is especially repugnant. The Qur'an teaches that men should remain with their wives in kindness, or separate from their wives with kindness, and specifically that they should not stay with their wives in order to do harm to them (2:229, 2:231). It offers a vision of spousal equality when it prescribes a decision making process within the family of mutual consultation (2:233), and labels both husband and wife with the term "zauj" (4:1 and others) and describes them as protecting garments for one another (2:187).}}

Either Taylor is ignorant of some of the teachings in the Qur'an and the Hadith, or she willfully ignores those passages and twists some of the wording to suite her own needs. It has been mentioned before in previous paragraphs the Qur'an and the Hadiths sanction wife-beating, men are superior to women, and Muhammad did strike his wives and did not scold his followers for beating their wives.

{{Quote|[http://newsweek.washingtonpost.com/onfaith/panelists/pamela_k_taylor/2009/02/aasiya_hassan_domestic_violenc.html Aasiya Zubair Hassan, Domestic Violence and Islam] Pamela K. Taylor, The Washington Post, February 27, 2009|Physical and/or emotional abuse has no place in this vision of marriage. Indeed, when women came to the Prophet complaining of their husband's treatment, the Prophet admonished the men saying that those who treated their families poorly were not among the best of men. Mu'awiyah al-Qushayri, one of the companions of the Prophet, reports "I went to the Apostle of Allah and asked him, 'What do you say about our wives?' He replied, 'Feed them with the food you eat, clothe them as you clothe yourself, and do not beat them, and do not revile them." (Sunan Abu-Dawud, Book 11, the Book of Marriage, Number 2139)}}

Many others repeat Taylor's claim that Muhammad taught his followers "the best of you (Muslims) are those who do not hit their wives," but Taylor's apologetic attempt relies upon the ignorance of her readers, for this claim is in fact false. As we have mentioned previously, it was actually the women who complained of abuse to Muhammad, which he refers to as "not the best among you".

{{Quote| {{Abudawud|11|2141}}|Narrated Abdullah ibn AbuDhubab: Iyas ibn Abdullah ibn AbuDhubab reported the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon_him) as saying: Do not beat Allah's handmaidens, but when Umar came to the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) and said: Women have become emboldened towards their husbands, he (the Prophet) gave permission to beat them. Then many women came round the family of the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) complaining against their husbands. So the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said: '''Many women have gone round Muhammad's family complaining against their husbands. They are not the best among you'''.}}

Taylor continues to state in her article.

{{Quote|[http://newsweek.washingtonpost.com/onfaith/panelists/pamela_k_taylor/2009/02/aasiya_hassan_domestic_violenc.html Aasiya Zubair Hassan, Domestic Violence and Islam] Pamela K. Taylor, The Washington Post, February 27, 2009|The fulcrum of this patriarchal interpretation is verse 4:34. Translations vary wildly, ranging from those defining men the the defenders of women to those who render it as men being in charge of women. (The Arabic word, qawamun, comes from a root which means to stand up, thus men are called to stand up for women.) The verse goes on to say that devout women protect that which Allah would have them protect in their husbands absences. Again, the interpretations vary wildly -- from those who read it quite literally, describing pious women as devoted to Allah, to those who take it mean women should be devoutly obedient to their husbands. It continues, saying that if men fear "nushuz" (understood variously as openly rebellion, adultery, spiritual negligence, or wifely disobedience), they should admonish their wives and then separate from them in sleeping arrangements. And then the third phase -- the word used is "daraba."

Daraba is used for many, many things in the Qur'an, from sexual intercourse to parting company, from metaphorically striking a parable to physically striking a person or thing. The vast majority of commentators, have understood the meaning of 4:34 to mean hitting. Modern interpreters such as Ahmed Ali and Laleh Bakhtiar, have made a case that this interpretation is wrong.

Bakhtiar's argument is particularly strong.}}

Taylor mentions Laleh Bakhtiar, a Muslim apologist who states Islam does not preach violence against women and Daraba in Surah 4:34 means to send away. Bakhtiar has written her own version of the Qur'an with surah 4:34 stating to send her away. Her [[Mistranslated Verses|mistranslation]] of this verse has caused controversy among Muslim scholars and the ISNA of [[Canada]] is refusing to sell her book in their bookstore. Contrary to Taylor's claim, there is nothing "particularly strong" in her argument about Daraba, it once again relies upon the ignorance of her readers. To a native [[Arabic]] speaker, this argument holds no weight and has been refuted in our article ''[[Beat your Wives or "Separate from Them"? (Qur'an 4:34)|Beat your Wives or "Separate from Them"?]]''.

{{Quote|[http://newsweek.washingtonpost.com/onfaith/panelists/pamela_k_taylor/2009/02/aasiya_hassan_domestic_violenc.html Aasiya Zubair Hassan, Domestic Violence and Islam] Pamela K. Taylor, The Washington Post, February 27, 2009|She described her approach to this verse in a lecture I attended two years ago. She told the audience that she went to many, many scholars and asked them, "Did the Prophet ever hit his wives?" To which all them replied, "No, he never hit his wives." This is directly supported by a hadith narrated by his wife Aishah, who reported "The Messenger of Allah never struck a servant of his with his hand, nor did he ever hit a woman. He never hit anything with his hand, except for when he was fighting a battle in the cause of Allah." Bakhtiar then asked the scholars, "And the Prophet always obeyed Allah, correct?" To which the answer was an emphatic "Yes, the Prophet was the embodiment of the Qur'an."

"Then, how," she asked, "do you explain that when he had problems with his wives, he admonished them, he refrained from sleeping with them for a month, but he never went to the third step and hit them? Was he being disobedient to Allah, or have we misunderstood verse 4:34?" To which, she says, the scholars had no answer.

Her answer is that we have misunderstood 4:34, and that we have to look at what the Prophet actually did after that month's separation -- which was to offer his wives the choice of divorcing him or remaining with him while resolving to avoid the behaviors he found so objectionable. While, she translates "daraba" as "to go away from them," (which is the most common usage of the term in the Qur'an), it seems that it might be better rendered as "to strike a bargain with them."}}

These conversations between Laleh Bakhtiar and "many, many scholars" most likely had never occurred, since Bakhtiar's approach to surah 4:34 fails once you realize Muhammad ''did'' hit his wife Aisha and he also referred to women who speak-out against their abusive husbands as "not the best among you". Any Muslim scholar worth his salt would be aware of this and would have little difficulty in dismantling her weak arguments against the legitimacy of wife-beating in Islam.

Another common argument is the admittance that beating your wife is permitted, but only lightly, saying the beating should be carried out with a 'miswak' (a traditional toothbrush made from the branch of a Salvadora persica tree). But this miswak defense is not derived from the Qur'an or the hadith literature, therefore it has no validity within Islam. Others base their argument for a light beating on the following translation:

{{Quote| {{Quran|4|34}}|Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has given the one more (strength) than the other, and because they support them from their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient, and guard in (the husband's) absence what Allah would have them guard. As to those women on whose part ye fear disloyalty and ill-conduct, admonish them (first), (Next), refuse to share their beds, (And last) beat them '''(lightly)'''; but if they return to obedience, seek not against them Means (of annoyance): For Allah is Most High, great (above you all).}}

Note that the word “Lightly” is in parenthesis. This is because the word does not appear in the original Arabic rendition of verse 5:32, nor is it inferred. It is purely the wishful thinking/deception of a translator whose work was aimed at a western audience, namely Yusuf Ali. Other popular translations do not contain this addition.

Furthermore, in the previously quoted [[sahih]] hadiths, Aisha stated "I have not seen any woman suffering as much as the believing women. Look! Her skin is greener than her clothes!", meaning the woman who had hoped for compassion from Muhammad was beaten until she was badly bruised. Aisha also stated that Abu Bakr struck her violently with his fist, and Muhammad striking her had caused pain. Evidently, wife-beating in Islam during Muhammad's life, was not something 'symbolic' or a 'gentle tap' on the female body.

Ignoring Muhammad's comparison of women to domestic [[animals]], some may point to the [[The Farewell Sermon|authentic farewell sermon]] and his instructions to “beat them, but not severely,” However, what one considers to be a severe beating is subjective, and within the context of Islam the definition of a “severe beating” is wholly dependent on what Muhammad saw as severe. Muhammad's indifference towards the suffering of his female followers demonstrates his belief that beating your wife black and blue (or green) is perfectly acceptable behavior. Clearly Muhammad's idea of what constitutes a 'severe' beating and that of the modern worlds is miles apart.

==Conclusion==

Wife-beating is divinely sanctioned in the Qur'an and Hadiths, and is viewed as a method to keep the wife under control, Despite some of the statements made by Muslim apologists, wife-beating is institutionalized in Islam. Muhammad had no problem with telling his followers it is ok to beat their wives and had total disregard for the safety and emotional well-being of his female followers when they complained to him about their husbands. In fact he had no problem with hitting Aisha and with Abu Bakr and Umar hitting his wives.

The article also shows the deceptive means Muslim apologists use to cover up the fact the Qur'an and Hadith sanction wife-beating by using other verses of the Qur'an in an attempt to support their view that Islam promotes equality between men and women, wife-beating is forbidden and surah 4:34 has been [[Misinterpreted Verses|misinterpreted]]. The problem with their argument is it only reveals the inconsistencies of the Qur'an, and their arguments have been [[Refutations|refuted]], by Islamic scholars and the Hadiths.

{{Core Women}}
==See Also==

* [[Wife Beating]] ''- A hub page that leads to other articles related to Wife Beating''

==External Links==

*[http://www.hotpeachpages.net/index.html International inventory of domestic violence services] ''- Global list of abuse hotlines, shelters, refuges, crisis centres and women's organizations, plus domestic violence information in over 80 languages''
*[http:///www.answering-islam.org/Silas/wife-beating.htm Wife Beating in Islam] ''- by Silas''
* [http://www.answering-islam.org/Authors/Arlandson/beating.htm Domestic violence in Islam: The Quran on wife-beating] ''- by James Arlandson''
* [http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/LE25Ak01.html Wife-beating, sharia, and Western law] ''- Asia Times''
* ''Video:'' [http://www.filecabi.net/video/burka-beat.html Woman Hit For Not Wearing Burka]'' (warning, contains scenes of woman being slapped a number of times; may be disturbing to some viewers)''
'''News'''
* [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1335024/Muslim-imam-Sheikh-Adam-lectures-non-violence-arrested-wife-beating.htmlMuslim imam who lectures on non-violence in Germany is arrested for beating up his wife] ''- Sheikh Abu Adam shouted Qur'an verse 4:34 at his wife as he beat her. She suffered a broken nose and shoulder and numerous cuts and bruises''
* [http://www.haaretz.com/news/saudi-judge-says-it-s-okay-for-men-to-beat-their-wives-1.275823 Saudi Judge Says it's Ok for Men to Beat Their Wives]
* [http://gatesofvienna.blogspot.com/2010/03/its-in-koran.html Algeria: Prison for Violent Husbands is Against Koran, Mufti]
*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/18/wife-beating-uae-sharia-law-court Wife-beating allowed under sharia law, UAE court rules]
* [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2119846/Muslim-guide-marriage-tells-husbands-beat-hand-stick.html#ixzz1q7BCPLdj 'Pull her by the ear, beat her by hand or stick': How the Islamic guide to a happy marriage advises husbands to treat their wives] - ''Daily Mail, UK, March 2012''

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Islam and Women]]

Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Female Genital Mutilation

2013-05-24T21:22:39Z

Tyciol: numbered list format and quote-contained subsections

{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}}
==Hadith==
{{Quote|Ahmad Ibn Hanbal 5:75; Abu Dawud, Adab 167.|Abu al- Malih ibn `Usama's father relates that the Prophet said: "'''Circumcision is a law for men and a preservation of honour for women'''."}}

{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|41|5251}}|Narrated Umm Atiyyah al-Ansariyyah: A woman used to perform circumcision in Medina. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said to her: '''Do not cut ''severely''''' as that is better for a woman and more desirable for a husband.}}

{{Quote|{{Muslim|3|684}}|Abu Musa reported: There cropped up a difference of opinion between a group of Muhajirs (Emigrants and a group of Ansar (Helpers) (and the point of dispute was) that the Ansar said: The bath (because of sexual intercourse) becomes obligatory only-when the semen spurts out or ejaculates. But the Muhajirs said: When a man has sexual intercourse (with the woman), a bath becomes obligatory (no matter whether or not there is seminal emission or ejaculation). Abu Musa said: Well, I satisfy you on this (issue). He (Abu Musa, the narrator) said: I got up (and went) to 'A'isha and sought her permission and it was granted, and I said to her: 0 Mother, or Mother of the Faithful, I want to ask you about a matter on which I feel shy. She said: Don't feel shy of asking me about a thing which you can ask your mother, who gave you birth, for I am too your mother. Upon this I said: What makes a bath obligatory for a person? She replied: You have come across one well informed! The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: When anyone sits amidst four parts (of the woman) '''and the ''circumcised parts'' touch each other''' a bath becomes obligatory.}}

==Scholars==
===Historical===
{{Quote|[http://www.answering-islam.org/Sharia/fem_circumcision.html Reliance of the Traveller: A Classic Manual of Islamic Sacred Law] Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri|'''e4.3''' Circumcision is obligatory (for every male and female) by cutting off the piece of skin on the glans of the penis of the male, but circumcision of the female is by cutting out the clitoris (this is called Hufaad)}}

===Modern===
{{Quote|[http://www.islam-qa.com/en/ref/60314/female%20circumcision Circumcision of girls and some doctors’ criticism thereof] Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 60314|
====Firstly====
'''Circumcision is not an inherited custom as some people claim, rather it is prescribed in Islam and the scholars are unanimously agreed that it is prescribed. Not a single Muslim scholar – as far as we know – has said that circumcision is not prescribed.'''

Their evidence is to be found in the saheeh ahaadeeth of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), which prove that it is prescribed, for example:
#The hadeeth narrated by al-Bukhaari (5889) and Muslim (257) from Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him), that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said:
#:"The fitrah is five things – or five things are part of the fitrah – circumcision, shaving the pubes, cutting the nails, plucking the armpit hairs, and trimming the moustache."
#:This hadeeth includes circumcision of both males and females.
#Muslim (349) narrated that ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “When a man sits between the four parts (arms and legs of his wife) and the two circumcised parts meet, then ghusl is obligatory.”
#:The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) mentioned the two circumcised parts, i.e., the circumcised part of the husband and the circumcised part of the wife, which indicates that a woman may be circumcised just like a man.
#Abu Dawood (5271) narrated from Umm ‘Atiyyah al-Ansaariyyah that a woman used to do circumcisions in Madeenah and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to her: “Do not go to the extreme in cutting; that is better for the woman and more liked by the husband.” But the scholars differed concerning this hadeeth. Some of them classed it as da’eef (weak) and others classed it as saheeh. It was classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh Abi Dawood. The fact that circumcision for women is prescribed in Islam is confirmed by the ahaadeeth quoted above, not by this disputed hadeeth. But the scholars differed concerning the ruling, and there are three opinions:
##That it is obligatory for both males and females. This is the view of the Shaafa’is and Hanbalis, and is the view favoured by al-Qaadi Abu Bakr ibn al-‘Arabi among the Maalikis (may Allaah have mercy on them all).
##:Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in al-Majmoo’ (1/367): Circumcision is obligatory for both men and women in our view. This is the view of many of the salaf, as was narrated by al-Khattaabi. Among those who regarded it as obligatory is Ahmad… it is the correct view that is well known and was stated by al-Shaafa’i (may Allaah have mercy on him), and the majority stated definitively that it is obligatory for both men and women. end quote.
##:See Fath al-Baari, 10/340; Kishshaaf al-Qinaa’, 1/80
##That circumcision is Sunnah for both males and females. This is the view of the Hanafis and Maalikis, and was narrated in one report from Ahmad. Ibn ‘Aabideen al-Hanafi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in his Haashiyah (6/751): In Kitaab al-Tahaarah of al-Siraaj al-Wahhaaj it says: Know that circumcision is Sunnah in our view – i.e., according to the Hanafis – for men and for women. end quote.
##:See: Mawaahib al-Jaleel, 3/259
##That circumcision is obligatory for men and is good and mustahabb for women. This is the third view of Imam Ahmad, and it is the view of some Maalikis such as Sahnoon. This view was also favoured by al-Muwaffaq ibn Qudaamah in al-Mughni.
##:See: al-Tamheed, 21/60; al-Mughni, 1/63

It says in Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah (5/223):

Circumcision is one of the Sunnahs of the fitrah, and it is for both males and females, except that is it obligatory for males and Sunnah and good in the case of women. End quote

'''Thus it is clear that the fuqaha’ of Islam are agreed that circumcision is prescribed for both males and females, and in fact the majority of them are of the view that it is obligatory for both. No one said that it is not prescribed or that it is makrooh or haraam.'''

====Secondly====
With regard to the criticism of circumcision by some doctors, and their claim that it is harmful both physically and psychologically,

This criticism of theirs is not valid. It is sufficient for us Muslims that something be proven to be from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), then we will follow it, and we are certain that it is beneficial and not harmful. If it were harmful, Allaah and His Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) would not have prescribed it for us.

In the answer to question no. 45528 we have mentioned some of the medical benefits of circumcision for women, quoting from some doctors.

====Thirdly====
We would add here the fatwas of some modern scholars who have responded to this war that has been launched against female circumcision on the grounds that it is harmful to health.

Shaykh Jaad al-Haqq ‘Ali Jaad al-Haqq, the former Shaykh of al-Azhar, said:

Hence the fuqaha’ of all madhhabs are agreed that circumcision for both men and woman is part of the fitrah of Islam and one of the symbols of the faith, and it is something praiseworthy. There is no report from any of the Muslim fuqaha’, according to what we have studied in their books that are available to us, to say that circumcision is forbidden for men or women, or that it is not permissible, or that it is harmful for females, if it is done in the manner that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) taught to Umm Habeebah in the report quoted above.

Then he said:

From the above it is clear that the circumcision of girls – which is the topic under discussion here – is part of the fitrah of Islam, and the way it is to be done is the method that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) explained. It is not right to abandon his teachings for the view of anyone else, even if that is a doctor, because medicine is knowledge and knowledge is always developing and changing. End quote.

In the fatwa of Shaykh ‘Atiyah Saqar – the former heard of the Fatwa Committee in al-Azhar – it says:

The calls which urge the banning of female circumcision are call that go against Islam, because there is no clear text in the Qur’aan or Sunnah and there is no opinion of the fuqaha’ that says that female circumcision is haraam. Female circumcision is either obligatory or recommended. Even though there is a fiqhi principle which says that the decree of a ruler may put an end to a dispute regarding controversial matters, the decree of the ruler in this case cannot be but either of two things: that it is either obligatory or recommended, and it is not correct to issue a decree banning it, so as not to go against sharee’ah which is the principal source of legislation in our land, whose constitution states that Islam is the official religion of the country. It is permissible to issue some legislation that provides guidelines for performing this procedure (female circumcision) in the proper manner in such a way that does not contradict the rulings of sharee’ah.

The words of the doctors and others are not definitive. Scientific discoveries are still opening doors every day which change our old perceptions. End quote.

In the fatwa of Dar al-Ifta’ al-Misriyyah (6/1986) it says:

Thus it is clear that female circumcision is prescribed in Islam, and that it is one of the Sunnahs of the fitrah and it has a good effect of moderating the individual’s behaviour. As for the opinions of doctors who say that female circumcision is harmful, these are individual opinions which are not derived from any agreed scientific basis, and they do not form an established scientific opinion. They acknowledge that the rates of cancer among circumcised men are lower than among those who are not circumcised, and some of these doctors clearly recommend that circumcision should be done by doctors and not these ignorant women, so that the operation will be safe and there will be no negative consequences. However, medical theories about disease and the way to treat it are not fixed, rather they change with time and with ongoing research. So it is not correct to rely on them when criticizing circumcision which the Wise and All-Knowing Lawgiver has decreed in His wisdom for mankind. Experience has taught us that the wisdom behind some rulings and Sunnahs may be hidden from us. May Allaah help us all to follow the right path. End quote.}}

{{Quote|[http://www.islam-qa.com/en/ref/82859/female%20circumcision Is there any saheeh hadeeth about the circumcision of females?] Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 82859|We do not know of any hadeeth in which the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) ordered that his wives or daughters be circumcised, but it is narrated that he (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) advised a woman who did circumcision in Madeenah as to the proper way of circumcision. It was narrated by Abu Dawood (5271), al-Tabaraani in al-Awsat, and al-Bayhaqi in al-Shu’ab from Umm ‘Atiyyah al-Ansaariyyah that a woman used to do circumcision in Madeenah, and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to her: “Do not go to the extreme in cutting; that is better for the woman and more liked by the husband.” '''This hadeeth was classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh Abi Dawood'''.

According to another report: “Take only a little and do not go to extremes.”

It is also indicated by the general meaning of the evidence that has been narrated concerning circumcision, such as the hadeeth in al-Bukhaari (5891) and Muslim (527) from Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him): I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) say: “The fitrah is five things – or five things are part of the fitrah – circumcision, shaving the pubes, trimming the moustache, cutting the nails and plucking the armpit hairs.”

In Saheeh Muslim (349) it is narrated from ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “When a man sits between the four parts (arms and legs of his wife) and the two circumcised parts meet, then ghusl is obligatory.”

According to a report narrated by al-Tirmidhi (109) and elsewhere: “When the two circumcised parts meet…”

Al-Bukhaari used this phrase as a chapter heading.

Al-Haafiz ibn Hajar (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: What is meant by this metaphor is the circumcised parts of the man and the woman.

Female circumcision is done by cutting a small part of the skin that looks like a rooster’s comb, above the exit of the urethra. The Sunnah is not to cut all of it, but rather a part of it. Al-Mawsoo’ah al-Fiqhiyyah (19/28).

The Shaafa’is, the Hanbalis according to the well-known view of their madhhab, and others are of the view that '''circumcising women is obligatory'''. Many scholars are of the view that it is not obligatory in the case of women; rather '''it is Sunnah and is an honour for them'''.

But we would like to point out here that it has medical benefits to which attention should be paid, regardless of the difference of opinion among the scholars as to whether it is obligatory or mustahabb. This has been discussed in the answer to question no. 45528. }}

{{Quote|[[Egyptian Shaykh: FGM Not An Inherited Custom. Muslim Scholars Say It Is Either Obligatory or Commendable]] Egyptian shaykh Muhammad Hassan|"Shaykh Muhammad, settle the controversy for us surrounding circumcision."

My brother, we have talked about circumcision many times. I counsel every Muslim man on the face of the earth, and also every Muslim woman on the face of the earth: Brother, take the little bit of trouble it requires to get yourself a book of fiqh! Inconvenience yourself a little for Allah's sake. Just take five minutes. '''Any book--do you have the book "Fiqh al-Sunna" by Shaykh Sayyid Sabiq (may Allah have mercy on him)? Do you have "Al-Mughni" by Ibn al-Qudama, or "Kitab al-Umm" by Imam al-Shafi'i? Do you have Fath al-Bari's explanation of Sahih al-Bukhari? Any of the books of fiqh'''--I mentioned to you some books of fiqh and some books of hadith--open any of the books of fiqh. Open them. That's it, plain and simple.

Review the words of scholars. Don't just take the words of Muhammad Hassan, or this shaykh, or that shaykh. Look at any of the books of fiqh from our imams, respected leaders, and scholars--ask them. '''You will find that our scholars have said that circumcision of women--there are some who say that it is obligatory while others say that it is commendable'''. Some say it is obligatory, and others say it is commendable. There are some scholars who say it is obligatory, and there are some who say it is commendable.

'''To whoever says that circumcision is an ancient Egyptian custom with no origin in the sunna, I say, Brother, review the words of the Prophet (peace be upon him). Let us consult the words of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "If you touch the male or female circumcision…"''' This hadith deals with the highest level of community health. In the highest level of health: '''"If you touch the male circumcision," meaning the circumcision of men, "or the female circumcision," meaning the circumcision of women, "washing is obligatory." These are the true words from the Prophet'''. It makes no sense at all in Arabic to say, "If you touch the male circumcision for men or the female circumcision for men.” Men, does this apply to you--"male or female circumcision"? Or rather, with circumcision for men or circumcision for women, "washing is obligatory."

Thus I say before Almighty Allah…that the female Muslim doctor, the female Muslim doctor, decides whether or not this girl needs circumcision. It might be that the girl does not need circumcision. That's an entirely natural situation. But if this news were to get out, it could upset her relationship with husband. It would upset her marital life. The female Muslim doctor might also decide that the girl needs circumcision.

Of course this does not mean that I am subjecting the religion to inspection from a doctor. No, my brothers, this does not mean that I subject evidence from the shari'a to review from a doctor! But rather, I refer to the doctor because he confirms evidence from the shari'a. Brothers, pay attention to this--I do not subject the shari'a to examination from the doctor, for the doctor to determine whether the shari'a is healthy or not. Rather I refer the evidence from the shari'a, or I refer the case to the doctor, to confirm the object of the evidence from the shari'a. …some of them say it is required, and some say it is recommended.

I am not saying consult a barber, but consult a female doctor sister. The female doctor will decide, she might say this girl is normal or she might say that this part is excessive then you reduce it. This is justice. '''I don’t know why a German, British or American entity (thinks it can) come to us to decide for us the circumcision of our daughters! Why should they decide on matters of our girls and women? We base our religion on Allah’s book and the sayings of our beloved prophet and our scholars'''. Just study the issue in any book of fiqh. '''If we read the words of our scholars, and we review what the good scholars said, we will see that the issue is not new, and there is evidence for it in the book of our Lord or in the Sunnah of the Messenger (peace be upon him)'''. I ask Almighty Allah to protect our women and girls, for He is capable over all things.}}

{{Quote|Sermon by Iraqi-Kurd cleric Ismael Sosaae, protesting a 2011 Kurdish bill against domestic violence|Then they come to the issue of circumcision. They have no problems left except the issue of female circumcision in Kurdistan. The mothers and sisters of more than half of your party members were circumcised. This means that you insult your own grandmother. You insult your own mother. You accuse them of ignorance. You dishonour your dead grandfather and burn his coffin for allowing the circumcision of your mother. Circumcision is a tenant of Islamic law (sharia). (…) (This bill is) to satisfy the Jews who in the conference of the Jews in Beijing discussed that female circumcision should be banned. You obey their orders and disregard the Sharia of Allah (…).

They say if a mullah, a religious man, a father, a mother, a doctor or anyone else even mentions circumcision could be a good thing for women or if a woman feels uncomfortable and says that her mood was disturbed by that statement, she can complain to one of these organizations and agencies and they will take the mullah (…) to jail. (…) They can jail you for saying that circumcision is a good thing. The Imam Shafi’i (most Iraqi-Kurds belong to the Shafi’i law school) said circumcision is good! Aren’t you following his denomination? Didn’t the KRG president say that he is a Shafi’i? Your denomination says FGM is good, and that is why I am saying it is good. If you are honest in your denomination then don’t accept this discussion to be held in the parliament. Imam Shafi’i is one of those who say that FGM is an obligation, that girls and women should be circumcised (…)

If I get asked about the religious ruling on FGM I must keep my silence and not dare to open my mouth. I must request to avoid this subject. As soon as I utter that FGM is good then they can arrest me. (…) If you don’t accept this Mr. President you are the one who receives the project. You might say that you don’t approve of the MPs. The people will love you for doing that. (…)

No longer should they ridicule our religion and believes and honours. We have made you president, you have the parliament and the oil and the money and no one is bothering you, why don’t you leave our religion and honour intact?<ref name="EKurd">Thomas v. der Osten-Sacken - [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2011/8/state5342.htm|2=2011-08-18}} Female Genital Mutilation “is an obligation” says Mullah in Iraqi Kurdistan] - EKurd.net, August 16, 2011</ref>}}

==See Also==
*[[Violence Against Women (Primary Sources)]] ''- A hub page that leads to other articles related to Violence Against Women (Primary Sources)''

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:QHS]]
[[Category:Islam and Women]]