If Anyone Slays a Person (Qur'an 5:32) - Revision history

Lightyears: Made more accurate, particularly with regard to Islamic law

2025-12-12T00:08:58Z

Made more accurate, particularly with regard to Islamic law

Lightyears at 19:00, 12 November 2025

2025-11-12T19:00:29Z

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	According to sahih hadith, Muhammad said the life of a non-Muslim is not sacred:		According to sahih hadith, Muhammad said the life of a non-Muslim is not sacred:

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|392\|darussalam}}, See Also: {{Bukhari\|\|\|25\|darussalam}}\|		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|392\|darussalam}} and {{Bukhari\|\|\|393\|darussalam}}, See Also: {{Bukhari\|\|\|25\|darussalam}}\|
	Narrated Anas bin Malik:		Narrated Anas bin Malik:

Lightyears: Automated script replacing USC-MSA hadith numbering system for Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud

2025-11-12T19:00:02Z

Automated script replacing USC-MSA hadith numbering system for Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud

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	Traditionally, other groups are identified as the target in hadiths, tafsirs, and even other Qur'an verses. The polytheists were among those described by the clauses "those who wage war against Allah and his messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land". A hadith graded hasan by al-Albani in Sunan Abu Dawud states:		Traditionally, other groups are identified as the target in hadiths, tafsirs, and even other Qur'an verses. The polytheists were among those described by the clauses "those who wage war against Allah and his messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land". A hadith graded hasan by al-Albani in Sunan Abu Dawud states:

	{{quote \| {{~~Abudawud~~\|38\|~~4359~~}} \| Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas:		{{quote \| {{Abu Dawud\|\|4372\|darussalam}} \| Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas:

	The verse "The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Apostle, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite side or exile from the land...most merciful" was revealed about polytheists. If any of them repents before they are arrested, it does not prevent from inflicting on him the prescribed punishment which he deserves. }}		The verse "The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Apostle, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite side or exile from the land...most merciful" was revealed about polytheists. If any of them repents before they are arrested, it does not prevent from inflicting on him the prescribed punishment which he deserves. }}
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	Retribution for murder is one of the caveats in verse 5:32 for which the peaceful principle does not apply. Some of the punishments prescribed in verse 5:33 are ordered by Muhammad after the following murder incident narrated in sahih hadiths and cited in earlier tafsirs in reference to these verses:		Retribution for murder is one of the caveats in verse 5:32 for which the peaceful principle does not apply. Some of the punishments prescribed in verse 5:33 are ordered by Muhammad after the following murder incident narrated in sahih hadiths and cited in earlier tafsirs in reference to these verses:

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|1\|4\|~~234~~}}\|Narrated Abu Qilaba:		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|233\|darussalam}}\|Narrated Abu Qilaba:

	Anas said, "Some people of `Ukl or `Uraina tribe came to Medina and its climate did not suit them. So the Prophet (ﷺ) ordered them to go to the herd of (Milch) camels and to drink their milk and urine (as a medicine). So they went as directed and after they became healthy, they killed the shepherd of the Prophet and drove away all the camels. The news reached the Prophet (ﷺ) early in the morning and he sent (men) in their pursuit and they were captured and brought at noon. He then ordered to cut their hands and feet (and it was done), and their eyes were branded with heated pieces of iron, They were put in 'Al-Harra' and when they asked for water, no water was given to them." Abu Qilaba said, "Those people committed theft and murder, became infidels after embracing Islam and fought against Allah and His Apostle."}}		Anas said, "Some people of `Ukl or `Uraina tribe came to Medina and its climate did not suit them. So the Prophet (ﷺ) ordered them to go to the herd of (Milch) camels and to drink their milk and urine (as a medicine). So they went as directed and after they became healthy, they killed the shepherd of the Prophet and drove away all the camels. The news reached the Prophet (ﷺ) early in the morning and he sent (men) in their pursuit and they were captured and brought at noon. He then ordered to cut their hands and feet (and it was done), and their eyes were branded with heated pieces of iron, They were put in 'Al-Harra' and when they asked for water, no water was given to them." Abu Qilaba said, "Those people committed theft and murder, became infidels after embracing Islam and fought against Allah and His Apostle."}}
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	According to sahih hadith, Muhammad said the life of a non-Muslim is not sacred:		According to sahih hadith, Muhammad said the life of a non-Muslim is not sacred:

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|1\|8\|~~387~~}}, See Also: {{Bukhari\|1\|2\|24}}\|		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|392\|darussalam}}, See Also: {{Bukhari\|\|\|25\|darussalam}}\|
	Narrated Anas bin Malik:		Narrated Anas bin Malik:

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	Muhammad also gave the verdict ([[fatwa]]) that a Muslim can not be killed for killing a non-Muslim, and this stipulation forms one of the core principles of the laws of the [[Dhimma]].		Muhammad also gave the verdict ([[fatwa]]) that a Muslim can not be killed for killing a non-Muslim, and this stipulation forms one of the core principles of the laws of the [[Dhimma]].

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|9\|83\|50}}, See Also: {{Bukhari\|1\|3\|111}}, and {{Bukhari\|4\|52\|~~283~~}}\|Narrated Abu Juhaifa:		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|6915\|darussalam}}, See Also: {{Bukhari\|\|\|111\|darussalam}}, and {{Bukhari\|\|\|3047\|darussalam}}\|Narrated Abu Juhaifa:

	I asked 'Ali "Do you have anything Divine literature besides what is in the Qur'an?" Or, as Uyaina once said, "Apart from what the people have?" 'Ali said, "By Him Who made the grain split (germinate) and created the soul, we have nothing except what is in the Quran and the ability (gift) of understanding Allah's Book which He may endow a man, with and what is written in this sheet of paper." I asked, "What is on this paper?" He replied, "The legal regulations of Diya (Blood-money) and the (ransom for) releasing of the captives, and the judgment that no Muslim should be killed in Qisas (equality in punishment) for killing a Kafir (disbeliever)."}}		I asked 'Ali "Do you have anything Divine literature besides what is in the Qur'an?" Or, as Uyaina once said, "Apart from what the people have?" 'Ali said, "By Him Who made the grain split (germinate) and created the soul, we have nothing except what is in the Quran and the ability (gift) of understanding Allah's Book which He may endow a man, with and what is written in this sheet of paper." I asked, "What is on this paper?" He replied, "The legal regulations of Diya (Blood-money) and the (ransom for) releasing of the captives, and the judgment that no Muslim should be killed in Qisas (equality in punishment) for killing a Kafir (disbeliever)."}}

Asmith at 04:18, 5 June 2025

2025-06-05T04:18:53Z

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Asmith at 04:18, 5 June 2025

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Lightyears at 21:55, 19 May 2025

2025-05-19T21:55:20Z

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	{{Quote\|{{Quran-range\|5\|27\|34}}\|And recite to them the story of Adam's two sons, in truth, when they both offered a sacrifice [to Allah], and it was accepted from one of them but was not accepted from the other. Said [the latter], "I will surely kill you." Said [the former], "Indeed, Allah only accepts from the righteous [who fear Him]. If you should raise your hand against me to kill me - I shall not raise my hand against you to kill you. Indeed, I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds. Indeed I want you to obtain [thereby] my sin and your sin so you will be among the companions of the Fire. And that is the recompense of wrongdoers." And his soul permitted to him the murder of his brother, so he killed him and became among the losers. Then Allah sent a crow searching in the ground to show him how to hide the disgrace of his brother. He said, "O woe to me! Have I failed to be like this crow and hide the body of my brother?" And he became of the regretful. Because of that, We decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one - it is as if he had saved mankind entirely. And our messengers had certainly come to them with clear proofs. Then indeed many of them, [even] after that, throughout the land, were transgressors. Indeed, the penalty for those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive upon earth [to cause] corruption is none but that they be killed or crucified or that their hands and feet be cut off from opposite sides or that they be exiled from the land. That is for them a disgrace in this world; and for them in the Hereafter is a great punishment, Except for those who return [repenting] before you apprehend them. And know that Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran-range\|5\|27\|34}}\|And recite to them the story of Adam's two sons, in truth, when they both offered a sacrifice [to Allah], and it was accepted from one of them but was not accepted from the other. Said [the latter], "I will surely kill you." Said [the former], "Indeed, Allah only accepts from the righteous [who fear Him]. If you should raise your hand against me to kill me - I shall not raise my hand against you to kill you. Indeed, I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds. Indeed I want you to obtain [thereby] my sin and your sin so you will be among the companions of the Fire. And that is the recompense of wrongdoers." And his soul permitted to him the murder of his brother, so he killed him and became among the losers. Then Allah sent a crow searching in the ground to show him how to hide the disgrace of his brother. He said, "O woe to me! Have I failed to be like this crow and hide the body of my brother?" And he became of the regretful. Because of that, We decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one - it is as if he had saved mankind entirely. And our messengers had certainly come to them with clear proofs. Then indeed many of them, [even] after that, throughout the land, were transgressors. Indeed, the penalty for those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive upon earth [to cause] corruption is none but that they be killed or crucified or that their hands and feet be cut off from opposite sides or that they be exiled from the land. That is for them a disgrace in this world; and for them in the Hereafter is a great punishment, Except for those who return [repenting] before you apprehend them. And know that Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.}}

	The full passage shows how the quoted portion related to the Qabeel and Habeel (Cain and Abel) cycle in Islam (including details taken from the Talmud, see [[~~Parallelism_Between_the_Qur~~'~~an_and_Judeo~~-~~Christian_Scriptures~~#~~Sanhedrin_37A~~\|~~Parallelism:~~ Sanhedrin ~~37A~~]]). It is also apparent that the passage as a whole calls for the execution and torture of certain people, including those who spread mischief/corruption, a concept about which the Islamic tradition has much to say.		The full passage shows how the quoted portion related to the Qabeel and Habeel (Cain and Abel) cycle in Islam (including details taken from the Talmud, see discussion of [[Parallels_Between_the_Qur'an_and_Late_Antique_Judeo-Christian_Literature#Whoever_kills_a_soul_it_is_as_if_he_has_slain_mankind\|the parallel with Sanhedrin 37a]]). It is also apparent that the passage as a whole calls for the execution and torture of certain people, including those who spread mischief/corruption, a concept about which the Islamic tradition has much to say.

	==Analysis==		==Analysis==
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	===Its Context===		===Its Context===

	The preceding verses 5:27-31 talk about the biblical story of Cain and Abel. Abel offered animal sacrifice to Allah and Abel offered crops. Allah liked the animal sacrifice, but he rejected the crops, so Cain got angry and killed Abel <ref>[http://altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=74&tSoraNo=5&tAyahNo=27&tDisplay=yes&UserProfile=0&LanguageId=2 Tafsir Al-Jalalayn 5:27]</ref>. Then comes the verse 5:32, beginning with "for that reason" or "on that account" (مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَٰلِكَ, ''min ajli dhaalika''), meaning "for the reason Cain killed Abel" <ref>"Because of that which Cain did We decreed for the Children of Israel that whoever slays a soul..." - [http://altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=74&tSoraNo=5&tAyahNo=32&tDisplay=yes&UserProfile=0&LanguageId=2 Tafsir Al-Jalalayn 5:32]</ref>. Then the verse describes a decree given to "the Children of Israel" i.e. the Jews who, according to Islam, received an [[Taurat\|earlier set]] of scriptures. Incidentally, the Qur'an here is mistakenly referencing a human [[~~Parallels Between the Qur~~'~~an and Late Antique Judeo~~-~~Christian Literature~~\|rabbinical commentary found in the Talmud]]<ref>[http://www.come-and-hear.com/sanhedrin/sanhedrin_37.html Talmud Sanhedrin 37a]- "For this reason was man created alone, to teach thee that whosoever destroys a single soul of Israel, scripture imputes [guilt] to him as though he had destroyed a complete world; and whosoever preserves a single soul of Israel, scripture ascribes [merit] to him as though he had preserved a complete world." - It explains why Man was created only 1 (Adam), while animals were created in masses. [http://www.askmoses.com/en/article/192,2230417/From-where-does-the-saying-Save-a-life-save-a-whole-world-originate.html]</ref> as if it had been a decree in the words of Allah.		The preceding verses 5:27-31 talk about the biblical story of Cain and Abel. Abel offered animal sacrifice to Allah and Abel offered crops. Allah liked the animal sacrifice, but he rejected the crops, so Cain got angry and killed Abel <ref>[http://altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=74&tSoraNo=5&tAyahNo=27&tDisplay=yes&UserProfile=0&LanguageId=2 Tafsir Al-Jalalayn 5:27]</ref>. Then comes the verse 5:32, beginning with "for that reason" or "on that account" (مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَٰلِكَ, ''min ajli dhaalika''), meaning "for the reason Cain killed Abel" <ref>"Because of that which Cain did We decreed for the Children of Israel that whoever slays a soul..." - [http://altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=74&tSoraNo=5&tAyahNo=32&tDisplay=yes&UserProfile=0&LanguageId=2 Tafsir Al-Jalalayn 5:32]</ref>. Then the verse describes a decree given to "the Children of Israel" i.e. the Jews who, according to Islam, received an [[Taurat\|earlier set]] of scriptures. Incidentally, the Qur'an here is mistakenly referencing a human [[Parallels_Between_the_Qur'an_and_Late_Antique_Judeo-Christian_Literature#Whoever_kills_a_soul_it_is_as_if_he_has_slain_mankind\|rabbinical commentary found in the Talmud]]<ref>[http://www.come-and-hear.com/sanhedrin/sanhedrin_37.html Talmud Sanhedrin 37a]- "For this reason was man created alone, to teach thee that whosoever destroys a single soul of Israel, scripture imputes [guilt] to him as though he had destroyed a complete world; and whosoever preserves a single soul of Israel, scripture ascribes [merit] to him as though he had preserved a complete world." - It explains why Man was created only 1 (Adam), while animals were created in masses. [http://www.askmoses.com/en/article/192,2230417/From-where-does-the-saying-Save-a-life-save-a-whole-world-originate.html]</ref> as if it had been a decree in the words of Allah.

	The next two verses explain how the principle should be applied by ~~Muslims~~, particularly regarding the caveat about those who cause mischief/corruption ~~('fasād'~~, which appears both in verse 32 and verse 33 and was an Arabic word defined in dictionaries as corruption, unrighteousness, disorder, disturbance <ref>فَسَادٍ fasādin - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume6/00000180.pdf Lane's Lexicon] Book I page 2396</ref>). What is often presented as being a purely peaceful message, at the same time includes a warning:		The next two verses explain how the principle should be applied in the mixed-faith community now watched over by Muhammad (apparent in the subsequent verses of the same surah which deal with legal issues and Muhammad's role when Jews ask him to judge their matters), particularly regarding the caveat about those who cause ''fasād'' (mischief/corruption), which appears both in verse 32 and verse 33 and was an Arabic word defined in dictionaries as corruption, unrighteousness, disorder, disturbance.<ref>فَسَادٍ fasādin - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume6/00000180.pdf Lane's Lexicon] Book I page 2396</ref> What is often presented as being a purely peaceful message, at the same time includes a warning:

	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|5\|33-34}}\|The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is: execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land: that is their disgrace in this world, and a heavy punishment is theirs in the Hereafter; Except for those who repent before they fall into your power: in that case, know that Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|5\|33-34}}\|The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is: execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land: that is their disgrace in this world, and a heavy punishment is theirs in the Hereafter; Except for those who repent before they fall into your power: in that case, know that Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.}}

Lightyears: Updated to include modernist views

2023-11-20T02:24:55Z

Updated to include modernist views

Show changes

Lightyears at 22:51, 23 July 2023

2023-07-23T22:51:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:51, 23 July 2023
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	[[File:Quran 5-32.png\|290px\|right\|thumb]]		[[File:Quran 5-32.png\|290px\|right\|thumb]]

	The [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] verse 5:32 claims that [[Allah]] "decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely" (a concept lifted from the Jewish Talmud). The verse is one of the evidences often cited by [[dawah\|duaah]] in the wake of Islamic terrorist attacks and massacres as proof that the Qur'an forbids such senseless slaughter. ~~Sometimes these~~ apologetic claims misquote ~~the~~ verse or leave out the context of the entire passage and also its implications in Islamic law for dissidents in an Islamic State who do not want to abide by the strictures of [[Shari'ah (Islamic Law)]].		The [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] verse 5:32 claims that [[Allah]] "decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely" (a concept lifted from the Jewish Talmud). The verse is one of the evidences often cited by [[dawah\|duaah]] in the wake of Islamic terrorist attacks and massacres as proof that the Qur'an forbids such senseless slaughter. While there is [[Qur'an,_Hadith_and_Scholars:Offensive_Jihad#Islamic_law_regarding_non-combatants\|consensus in Islamic law against the killing of non-combatant women and children]] and such acts are frequently condemned by traditional scholars, sometimes apologetic claims misquote this particular verse or leave out the context of the entire passage and also its implications in Islamic law for dissidents in an Islamic State who do not want to abide by the strictures of [[Shari'ah (Islamic Law)]].

	Michael Pregill notes the common ecumenical usage of verse 32 in popular discourse, then observes "But reading the convergence of Mishnah and Qur'an as a specimen of pre-modern ecumenism is clearly anachronistic if we conflate it with or project it onto the historical milieu that the Qur'an was revealed to address. Rather, given the overarching thrust of the surah, we must conclude that the rabbinic precursor has been deliberately appropriated and its major themes strategically reconstrued to propel a more strident, if not openly militant, message."<ref name="Pregill2021">Pregill, Michael. ''The Two Sons of Adam: Rabinnic resonances and scriptural virtuosity in surat al-Ma'idah.'' Journal of the International Quranic Studies Association. 6 (2021): 167-224 (see pp. 205-207)</ref>		Michael Pregill notes the common ecumenical usage of verse 32 in popular discourse, then observes "But reading the convergence of Mishnah and Qur'an as a specimen of pre-modern ecumenism is clearly anachronistic if we conflate it with or project it onto the historical milieu that the Qur'an was revealed to address. Rather, given the overarching thrust of the surah, we must conclude that the rabbinic precursor has been deliberately appropriated and its major themes strategically reconstrued to propel a more strident, if not openly militant, message."<ref name="Pregill2021">Pregill, Michael. ''The Two Sons of Adam: Rabinnic resonances and scriptural virtuosity in surat al-Ma'idah.'' Journal of the International Quranic Studies Association. 6 (2021): 167-224 (see pp. 205-207)</ref>
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	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|5\|32}}\|On that account: We ordained for the Children of Israel that if any one slew a person '''- unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land -''' it would be as if he slew the whole people: and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people. Then although there came to them Our messengers with clear signs, yet, even after that, many of them continued to commit excesses in the land.}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|5\|32}}\|On that account: We ordained for the Children of Israel that if any one slew a person '''- unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land -''' it would be as if he slew the whole people: and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people. Then although there came to them Our messengers with clear signs, yet, even after that, many of them continued to commit excesses in the land.}}

	Although this verse often cited to the effect that Islam as a religion categorically forbids killing (particularly in the name of the ~~relgion~~), in addition to the entirety of the verse itself it is instructive to look at the verse in context:		Although this verse often cited to the effect that Islam as a religion categorically forbids killing (particularly in the name of the religon), in addition to the entirety of the verse itself it is instructive to look at the verse in context:

	{{Quote\|{{Quran-range\|5\|27\|34}}\|And recite to them the story of Adam's two sons, in truth, when they both offered a sacrifice [to Allah], and it was accepted from one of them but was not accepted from the other. Said [the latter], "I will surely kill you." Said [the former], "Indeed, Allah only accepts from the righteous [who fear Him]. If you should raise your hand against me to kill me - I shall not raise my hand against you to kill you. Indeed, I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds. Indeed I want you to obtain [thereby] my sin and your sin so you will be among the companions of the Fire. And that is the recompense of wrongdoers." And his soul permitted to him the murder of his brother, so he killed him and became among the losers. Then Allah sent a crow searching in the ground to show him how to hide the disgrace of his brother. He said, "O woe to me! Have I failed to be like this crow and hide the body of my brother?" And he became of the regretful. Because of that, We decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one - it is as if he had saved mankind entirely. And our messengers had certainly come to them with clear proofs. Then indeed many of them, [even] after that, throughout the land, were transgressors. Indeed, the penalty for those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive upon earth [to cause] corruption is none but that they be killed or crucified or that their hands and feet be cut off from opposite sides or that they be exiled from the land. That is for them a disgrace in this world; and for them in the Hereafter is a great punishment, Except for those who return [repenting] before you apprehend them. And know that Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran-range\|5\|27\|34}}\|And recite to them the story of Adam's two sons, in truth, when they both offered a sacrifice [to Allah], and it was accepted from one of them but was not accepted from the other. Said [the latter], "I will surely kill you." Said [the former], "Indeed, Allah only accepts from the righteous [who fear Him]. If you should raise your hand against me to kill me - I shall not raise my hand against you to kill you. Indeed, I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds. Indeed I want you to obtain [thereby] my sin and your sin so you will be among the companions of the Fire. And that is the recompense of wrongdoers." And his soul permitted to him the murder of his brother, so he killed him and became among the losers. Then Allah sent a crow searching in the ground to show him how to hide the disgrace of his brother. He said, "O woe to me! Have I failed to be like this crow and hide the body of my brother?" And he became of the regretful. Because of that, We decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one - it is as if he had saved mankind entirely. And our messengers had certainly come to them with clear proofs. Then indeed many of them, [even] after that, throughout the land, were transgressors. Indeed, the penalty for those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive upon earth [to cause] corruption is none but that they be killed or crucified or that their hands and feet be cut off from opposite sides or that they be exiled from the land. That is for them a disgrace in this world; and for them in the Hereafter is a great punishment, Except for those who return [repenting] before you apprehend them. And know that Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.}}

Lightyears: removed dead links and added new Parallels page links since old series will be deleted

2023-02-08T01:02:39Z

removed dead links and added new Parallels page links since old series will be deleted

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:02, 8 February 2023
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	==Introduction==		==Introduction==

	Many websites<ref>Jacob Bender, [http://www.theamericanmuslim.org/tam.php/features/print/jewish_muslim_dialogue_and_the_value_of_peace/ "Jewish-Muslim Dialogue and the Value of Peace]", The American Muslim, July 19, 2007</ref><ref>Arsalan Iftikhar, [http://edition.cnn.com/2009/OPINION/11/09/iftikhar.fort.hood/index.html "Murder has no religion"], CNN, November 9, 2009 (refutation to Arsalan Iftikhar's piece: [[Murder Has A Religion]])~~</ref><ref>[http://wisdomtoday.wordpress.com/2009/06/08/islamophobia/ "Islamophobia"], Wisdom Today, June 8, 2009~~</ref> and public figures~~<ref>Andrew G. Bostom, [{{Reference archive\|1=http://www.americanthinker.com/blog/2011/03/keith_ellisons_taqiyya.html\|2=2011-03-19}} "Keith Ellison's Taqiyya"], American Thinker, March 13, 2011</ref>~~<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/06/04/transcript-remarks-president-obama-cairo/ "TRANSCRIPT: Remarks of President Obama in Cairo"], Fox News, June 4, 2009</ref> have claimed that the following verse appears in the Qur'an, and that it denounces killing and equates the slaying of one human life to that of genocide against the entirety of mankind.		Many websites<ref>Jacob Bender, [http://www.theamericanmuslim.org/tam.php/features/print/jewish_muslim_dialogue_and_the_value_of_peace/ "Jewish-Muslim Dialogue and the Value of Peace]", The American Muslim, July 19, 2007</ref><ref>Arsalan Iftikhar, [http://edition.cnn.com/2009/OPINION/11/09/iftikhar.fort.hood/index.html "Murder has no religion"], CNN, November 9, 2009 (refutation to Arsalan Iftikhar's piece: Murder Has A Religion)</ref> and public figures<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/06/04/transcript-remarks-president-obama-cairo/ "TRANSCRIPT: Remarks of President Obama in Cairo"], Fox News, June 4, 2009</ref> have claimed that the following verse appears in the Qur'an, and that it denounces killing and equates the slaying of one human life to that of genocide against the entirety of mankind.

	{{Quote\|Qur'an\|“If anyone slays a person, it would be as if he slew the whole people: and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people.”}}		{{Quote\|Qur'an\|“If anyone slays a person, it would be as if he slew the whole people: and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people.”}}
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	===Its Context===		===Its Context===

	The preceding verses 5:27-31 talk about the biblical story of Cain and Abel. Abel offered animal sacrifice to Allah and Abel offered crops. Allah liked the animal sacrifice, but he rejected the crops, so Cain got angry and killed Abel <ref>[http://altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=74&tSoraNo=5&tAyahNo=27&tDisplay=yes&UserProfile=0&LanguageId=2 Tafsir Al-Jalalayn 5:27]</ref>. Then comes the verse 5:32, beginning with "for that reason" or "on that account" (مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَٰلِكَ, ''min ajli dhaalika''), meaning "for the reason Cain killed Abel" <ref>"Because of that which Cain did We decreed for the Children of Israel that whoever slays a soul..." - [http://altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=74&tSoraNo=5&tAyahNo=32&tDisplay=yes&UserProfile=0&LanguageId=2 Tafsir Al-Jalalayn 5:32]</ref>. Then the verse describes a decree given to "the Children of Israel" i.e. the Jews who, according to Islam, received an [[Taurat\|earlier set]] of scriptures. Incidentally, the Qur'an here is mistakenly referencing a human [[~~Parallelism:_Sanhedrin_37a~~\|rabbinical commentary found in the Talmud]]<ref>[http://www.come-and-hear.com/sanhedrin/sanhedrin_37.html Talmud Sanhedrin 37a]- "For this reason was man created alone, to teach thee that whosoever destroys a single soul of Israel, scripture imputes [guilt] to him as though he had destroyed a complete world; and whosoever preserves a single soul of Israel, scripture ascribes [merit] to him as though he had preserved a complete world." - It explains why Man was created only 1 (Adam), while animals were created in masses. [http://www.askmoses.com/en/article/192,2230417/From-where-does-the-saying-Save-a-life-save-a-whole-world-originate.html]</ref> as if it had been a decree in the words of Allah.		The preceding verses 5:27-31 talk about the biblical story of Cain and Abel. Abel offered animal sacrifice to Allah and Abel offered crops. Allah liked the animal sacrifice, but he rejected the crops, so Cain got angry and killed Abel <ref>[http://altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=74&tSoraNo=5&tAyahNo=27&tDisplay=yes&UserProfile=0&LanguageId=2 Tafsir Al-Jalalayn 5:27]</ref>. Then comes the verse 5:32, beginning with "for that reason" or "on that account" (مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَٰلِكَ, ''min ajli dhaalika''), meaning "for the reason Cain killed Abel" <ref>"Because of that which Cain did We decreed for the Children of Israel that whoever slays a soul..." - [http://altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=74&tSoraNo=5&tAyahNo=32&tDisplay=yes&UserProfile=0&LanguageId=2 Tafsir Al-Jalalayn 5:32]</ref>. Then the verse describes a decree given to "the Children of Israel" i.e. the Jews who, according to Islam, received an [[Taurat\|earlier set]] of scriptures. Incidentally, the Qur'an here is mistakenly referencing a human [[Parallels Between the Qur'an and Late Antique Judeo-Christian Literature\|rabbinical commentary found in the Talmud]]<ref>[http://www.come-and-hear.com/sanhedrin/sanhedrin_37.html Talmud Sanhedrin 37a]- "For this reason was man created alone, to teach thee that whosoever destroys a single soul of Israel, scripture imputes [guilt] to him as though he had destroyed a complete world; and whosoever preserves a single soul of Israel, scripture ascribes [merit] to him as though he had preserved a complete world." - It explains why Man was created only 1 (Adam), while animals were created in masses. [http://www.askmoses.com/en/article/192,2230417/From-where-does-the-saying-Save-a-life-save-a-whole-world-originate.html]</ref> as if it had been a decree in the words of Allah.

	The next two verses explain how the principle should be applied by Muslims, particularly regarding the caveat about those who cause mischief ('fasadin', which appears both in verse 32 and verse 33 and was an Arabic word defined in dictionaries as corruption, unrighteousness, disorder, disturbance <ref>فَسَادٍ fasadin - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume6/00000180.pdf Lane's Lexicon] Book I page 2396</ref>). What is often presented as being a purely peaceful message, at the same time includes a warning:		The next two verses explain how the principle should be applied by Muslims, particularly regarding the caveat about those who cause mischief ('fasadin', which appears both in verse 32 and verse 33 and was an Arabic word defined in dictionaries as corruption, unrighteousness, disorder, disturbance <ref>فَسَادٍ fasadin - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume6/00000180.pdf Lane's Lexicon] Book I page 2396</ref>). What is often presented as being a purely peaceful message, at the same time includes a warning:
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	==See Also==		==See Also==

	*[[~~Parallelism:_Sanhedrin_37a\|Parallelism: Sanhedrin 37a~~ - ~~verse 5:32 is a Rabbinic commentary misattributed to Allah~~]]		*[[Parallels Between the Qur'an and Late Antique Judeo-Christian Literature]]
	*[[Misrepresentations of Islamic Scripture]]		*[[Misrepresentations of Islamic Scripture]]

Lightyears at 02:04, 12 January 2023

2023-01-12T02:04:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:04, 12 January 2023
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	[[File:Quran 5-32.png\|290px\|right\|thumb]]		[[File:Quran 5-32.png\|290px\|right\|thumb]]

	The [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] verse 5:32 claims that [[Allah]] decreed ~~for~~ the ~~"sons~~ of Israel" that whoever kills a ~~single person,~~ it is as ~~though~~ he ~~killed all of~~ mankind (a concept lifted from the Jewish Talmud). The verse is often cited by [[dawah\|duaah]] in the wake of Islamic terrorist attacks and massacres as proof that the Qur'an forbids such senseless slaughter. ~~Yet~~ these apologetic claims leave out the context of the entire passage and also its implications in Islamic law for dissidents in an Islamic State who do not want to abide by the strictures of [[Shari'ah (Islamic Law)]].		The [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] verse 5:32 claims that [[Allah]] "decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely" (a concept lifted from the Jewish Talmud). The verse is one of the evidences often cited by [[dawah\|duaah]] in the wake of Islamic terrorist attacks and massacres as proof that the Qur'an forbids such senseless slaughter. Sometimes these apologetic claims misquote the verse or leave out the context of the entire passage and also its implications in Islamic law for dissidents in an Islamic State who do not want to abide by the strictures of [[Shari'ah (Islamic Law)]].

	Michael Pregill notes the common ecumenical usage of verse 32 in popular discourse, then observes "But reading the convergence of Mishnah and Qur'an as a specimen of pre-modern ecumenism is clearly anachronistic if we conflate it with or project it onto the historical milieu that the Qur'an was revealed to address. Rather, given the overarching thrust of the surah, we must conclude that the rabbinic precursor has been deliberately appropriated and its major themes strategically reconstrued to propel a more strident, if not openly militant, message."<ref name="Pregill2021">Pregill, Michael. ''The Two Sons of Adam: Rabinnic resonances and scriptural virtuosity in surat al-Ma'idah.'' Journal of the International Quranic Studies Association. 6 (2021): 167-224 (see pp. 205-207)</ref>		Michael Pregill notes the common ecumenical usage of verse 32 in popular discourse, then observes "But reading the convergence of Mishnah and Qur'an as a specimen of pre-modern ecumenism is clearly anachronistic if we conflate it with or project it onto the historical milieu that the Qur'an was revealed to address. Rather, given the overarching thrust of the surah, we must conclude that the rabbinic precursor has been deliberately appropriated and its major themes strategically reconstrued to propel a more strident, if not openly militant, message."<ref name="Pregill2021">Pregill, Michael. ''The Two Sons of Adam: Rabinnic resonances and scriptural virtuosity in surat al-Ma'idah.'' Journal of the International Quranic Studies Association. 6 (2021): 167-224 (see pp. 205-207)</ref>