Satanic Verses (Gharaniq Incident) - Revision history

Lightyears at 23:42, 4 December 2025

2025-12-04T23:42:46Z

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	[[File:Al-Uzza with Zodiac.jpg\|right\|170px\|thumb\|The goddess al-Uzza at the Temple of Winged Lions in Petra.]]		[[File:Al-Uzza with Zodiac.jpg\|right\|170px\|thumb\|The goddess al-Uzza at the Temple of Winged Lions in Petra.]]
	The''' Satanic Verses''' (also the حديثة الغرانيق ''Gharaniq incident'') was an incident where ~~Prophet~~ [[Muhammad]] reportedly acknowledged Allat, Manat, and al-Uzza, three deities or angels of the [[Pre-Islamic Arab Religion in Islam\|Pagan]] Meccans in a [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] [[revelation]], only to later recant and claim they were the words of the Devil.		The''' Satanic Verses''' (also known as the حديثة الغرانيق ''Gharaniq incident'') was an incident where [[Muhammad]] reportedly acknowledged Allat, Manat, and al-Uzza, three deities or angels of the [[Pre-Islamic Arab Religion in Islam\|Pagan]] Meccans in a [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] [[revelation]], only to later recant and claim they were the words of the Devil.
	{{Quran-range\|53\|19\|20}} mentions their names: "So have you considered al-Lat and al-'Uzza? And Manat, the third - the other one?". One day when reciting these verses in the presence of the Meccan disbelievers while eager to gain acceptance from them, Muhammad reportedly succumbed to temptation from Satan, adding a verse, "They are the exhalted ''gharaniq'' whose intercession is hoped for". Gharaniq is thought to mean cranes (the bird), though some interpret it simply to mean female deities or angels.		{{Quran-range\|53\|19\|20}} mentions their names: "So have you considered al-Lat and al-'Uzza? And Manat, the third - the other one?". One day when reciting these verses in the presence of the Meccan disbelievers while eager to gain acceptance from them, Muhammad reportedly succumbed to temptation from Satan, adding a verse, "They are the exhalted ''gharaniq'' whose intercession is hoped for". Gharaniq is thought to mean cranes (the bird), though some interpret it simply to mean female deities or angels.

	In another passage ({{Quran\|22\|52}} and surrounding context), Satan is blamed for ~~verses~~ which were interpreted in a regrettable way by Muhammad's enemies and then abrogated. {{Quran-range\|17\|73\|74}} in an [[Chronological Order of the Qur'an\|earlier]] surah mentions an occasion when they had almost tempted him to compromise his message a little.		In another passage ({{Quran\|22\|52}} and surrounding context), Satan is blamed for inserting words which were interpreted in a regrettable way by Muhammad's enemies and then abrogated. {{Quran-range\|17\|73\|74}} in an [[Chronological Order of the Qur'an\|earlier]] surah mentions an occasion when they had almost tempted him to compromise his message a little.

	The report of the satanic verses incident was apparently uncontroversial in the early centuries of Islam, though widely rejected by later Muslim scholars. Modern academic scholars today also generally reject the story, at least in terms of detail, though most agree that an interpolation of verses has occured at almost the same point in the surah.		The report of the satanic verses incident was apparently uncontroversial in the early centuries of Islam, though widely rejected by later Muslim scholars. Modern academic scholars today also generally reject the story, at least in terms of detail, though most agree that an interpolation of verses has occured at almost the same point in the surah.

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Automated script replacing USC-MSA hadith numbering system for Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud

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	The Satanic Verses incident is reported in the [[tafsir]] and the sira-maghazi [[literature]] dating from the first two centuries of Islam, and is reported in the respective tafsīr corpuses transmitted from almost every Qur'anic commentator of note in the first two centuries of the hijra. It seems to have constituted a standard element in the memory of the early Muslim community about the life of Muhammad.<ref>Ahmed, Shahab (2008), "[http://www.brillonline.nl/subscriber/entry?entry=q3_SIM-00372 Satanic Verses]", in Dammen McAuliffe, Jane, ''Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān'', Georgetown University, Washington DC: Brill (published 14 August 2008)</ref>		The Satanic Verses incident is reported in the [[tafsir]] and the sira-maghazi [[literature]] dating from the first two centuries of Islam, and is reported in the respective tafsīr corpuses transmitted from almost every Qur'anic commentator of note in the first two centuries of the hijra. It seems to have constituted a standard element in the memory of the early Muslim community about the life of Muhammad.<ref>Ahmed, Shahab (2008), "[http://www.brillonline.nl/subscriber/entry?entry=q3_SIM-00372 Satanic Verses]", in Dammen McAuliffe, Jane, ''Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān'', Georgetown University, Washington DC: Brill (published 14 August 2008)</ref>

	Among the sira literature to record the story are four early major [[Sirat Rasul Allah\|biographies of Muhammad]]; al-Waqidi,<ref name="Uri">Rubin, Uri (14 August 2008), "[http://www.brillonline.nl/subscriber/entry?entry=q3_COM-00126 Muhammad]", in Dammen McAuliffe, Jane, ''Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān'', Georgetown University, Washington DC: Brill</ref> Ibn Saad,<ref>Ibn Sa'd's "Kitab al Tabaqat al Kabir" (Book of the Major Classes), Volume 1, parts 1 and 2, pp. 236 - 239, translated by S. Moinul Haq, published by the Pakistan Historical Society.</ref> al-[[Tabari]],<ref>Al-Tabari (838? – 923 A.D.), The History of al-Tabari (Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk), Vol. VI: Muhammad at Mecca, pp. 107-112. Translated by W. M. Watt and M.V. McDonald, State University of New York Press, Albany, NY, 1988, ISBN: 0-88706-707-7, pp. 107-112.</ref> and Ibn Ishaq.<ref>Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad: A Translation of Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah, Translated by A. Guillaume, Oxford University Press, Oxford, England, (Re-issued in Karachi, Pakistan, 1967, 13th impression, 1998) 1955, p. 146-148.</ref> In [[Sahih]] Bukhari and other major hadith collections, it is recorded that Muhammad performed a prostration when he finished reciting Surat-an-Najm, and all the Muslims and pagans prostrated, though the Satanic verses are not mentioned.<ref>"''Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Prophet performed a prostration when he finished reciting Surat-an-Najm, and all the Muslims and pagans and Jinns and human beings prostrated along with him.''" - {{Bukhari\|6\|60\|~~385~~}}</ref> Another version includes the element in which one man puts dust to his forehead instead of prostrating, though here it is portrayed as an act of disrespect instead of infirmity.<ref>"'' Narrated `Abdullah bin Mas`ud: The Prophet (ﷺ) recited Surat-an-Najm (53) and prostrated while reciting it and all the people prostrated and a man amongst the people took a handful of stones or earth and raised it to his face and said, "This is sufficient for me. Later on I saw him killed as a non-believer."''" - {{Bukhari\|2\|19\|~~176~~}}</ref> Professor Sean W. Anthony writes that these are truncated versions of the story with the Satanic verse elements expurgated, though that foundational narrative remains their implicit context.<ref name="Anthony2019">{{Cite journal \|last=Anthony \|first=Sean W. \|date=2019 \|title=The Satanic Verses in Early Shiʿite Literature: A Minority Report on Shahab Ahmed’s Before Orthodoxy \|url=https://www.academia.edu/38941116/_The_Satanic_Verses_in_Early_Shi%CA%BFite_Literature_A_Minority_Report_on_Shahab_Ahmed_s_Before_Orthodoxy_Shii_Studies_Review_3_2019_215_252 \|journal=Shii Studies Review \|volume=3 \|pages=226-27.}}</ref>		Among the sira literature to record the story are four early major [[Sirat Rasul Allah\|biographies of Muhammad]]; al-Waqidi,<ref name="Uri">Rubin, Uri (14 August 2008), "[http://www.brillonline.nl/subscriber/entry?entry=q3_COM-00126 Muhammad]", in Dammen McAuliffe, Jane, ''Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān'', Georgetown University, Washington DC: Brill</ref> Ibn Saad,<ref>Ibn Sa'd's "Kitab al Tabaqat al Kabir" (Book of the Major Classes), Volume 1, parts 1 and 2, pp. 236 - 239, translated by S. Moinul Haq, published by the Pakistan Historical Society.</ref> al-[[Tabari]],<ref>Al-Tabari (838? – 923 A.D.), The History of al-Tabari (Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk), Vol. VI: Muhammad at Mecca, pp. 107-112. Translated by W. M. Watt and M.V. McDonald, State University of New York Press, Albany, NY, 1988, ISBN: 0-88706-707-7, pp. 107-112.</ref> and Ibn Ishaq.<ref>Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad: A Translation of Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah, Translated by A. Guillaume, Oxford University Press, Oxford, England, (Re-issued in Karachi, Pakistan, 1967, 13th impression, 1998) 1955, p. 146-148.</ref> In [[Sahih]] Bukhari and other major hadith collections, it is recorded that Muhammad performed a prostration when he finished reciting Surat-an-Najm, and all the Muslims and pagans prostrated, though the Satanic verses are not mentioned.<ref>"''Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Prophet performed a prostration when he finished reciting Surat-an-Najm, and all the Muslims and pagans and Jinns and human beings prostrated along with him.''" - {{Bukhari\|\|\|4862\|darussalam}}</ref> Another version includes the element in which one man puts dust to his forehead instead of prostrating, though here it is portrayed as an act of disrespect instead of infirmity.<ref>"'' Narrated `Abdullah bin Mas`ud: The Prophet (ﷺ) recited Surat-an-Najm (53) and prostrated while reciting it and all the people prostrated and a man amongst the people took a handful of stones or earth and raised it to his face and said, "This is sufficient for me. Later on I saw him killed as a non-believer."''" - {{Bukhari\|\|\|1070\|darussalam}}</ref> Professor Sean W. Anthony writes that these are truncated versions of the story with the Satanic verse elements expurgated, though that foundational narrative remains their implicit context.<ref name="Anthony2019">{{Cite journal \|last=Anthony \|first=Sean W. \|date=2019 \|title=The Satanic Verses in Early Shiʿite Literature: A Minority Report on Shahab Ahmed’s Before Orthodoxy \|url=https://www.academia.edu/38941116/_The_Satanic_Verses_in_Early_Shi%CA%BFite_Literature_A_Minority_Report_on_Shahab_Ahmed_s_Before_Orthodoxy_Shii_Studies_Review_3_2019_215_252 \|journal=Shii Studies Review \|volume=3 \|pages=226-27.}}</ref>

	Since in today's Qur'an, the pagan goddesses are attacked in that particular [[Surah]], pagans and Muslims prostrating together could represent a remarkable memory of Muhammad at one time holding a totally heterodox view to contemporary and historical Islam. The tradition was later widely rejected by classical scholars such as al-Razi, Qurtubi and Ibn Kathir after the concept of ''iṣmat al-anbiyā'' (impeccability of the prophets) had developed.		Since in today's Qur'an, the pagan goddesses are attacked in that particular [[Surah]], pagans and Muslims prostrating together could represent a remarkable memory of Muhammad at one time holding a totally heterodox view to contemporary and historical Islam. The tradition was later widely rejected by classical scholars such as al-Razi, Qurtubi and Ibn Kathir after the concept of ''iṣmat al-anbiyā'' (impeccability of the prophets) had developed.

Lightyears: Other verses bolster a potential historical kernal

2025-11-01T23:43:23Z

Other verses bolster a potential historical kernal

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	[[File:Al-Uzza with Zodiac.jpg\|right\|170px\|thumb\|The goddess al-Uzza at the Temple of Winged Lions in Petra.]]		[[File:Al-Uzza with Zodiac.jpg\|right\|170px\|thumb\|The goddess al-Uzza at the Temple of Winged Lions in Petra.]]
	The''' Satanic Verses''' (also the حديثة الغرانيق ''Gharaniq incident'') was an incident where Prophet [[Muhammad]] reportedly acknowledged Allat, Manat, and al-Uzza, three deities or angels of the [[Pre-Islamic Arab Religion in Islam\|Pagan]] Meccans in a [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] [[revelation]], only to later recant and claim they were the words of the Devil.		The''' Satanic Verses''' (also the حديثة الغرانيق ''Gharaniq incident'') was an incident where Prophet [[Muhammad]] reportedly acknowledged Allat, Manat, and al-Uzza, three deities or angels of the [[Pre-Islamic Arab Religion in Islam\|Pagan]] Meccans in a [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] [[revelation]], only to later recant and claim they were the words of the Devil.
	{{Quran-range\|53\|19\|20}} mentions their names: "So have you considered al-Lat and al-'Uzza? And Manat, the third - the other one?". One day when reciting these verses in the presence of the Meccan disbelievers while eager to gain acceptance from them, Muhammad reportedly succumbed to temptation from Satan, adding a verse, "They are the exhalted ''gharaniq'' whose intercession is ~~to be~~ hoped for". Gharaniq is thought to mean cranes (the bird), though some interpret it simply to mean female deities or angels.		{{Quran-range\|53\|19\|20}} mentions their names: "So have you considered al-Lat and al-'Uzza? And Manat, the third - the other one?". One day when reciting these verses in the presence of the Meccan disbelievers while eager to gain acceptance from them, Muhammad reportedly succumbed to temptation from Satan, adding a verse, "They are the exhalted ''gharaniq'' whose intercession is hoped for". Gharaniq is thought to mean cranes (the bird), though some interpret it simply to mean female deities or angels.
	The report was apparently uncontroversial in the early centuries of Islam, though widely rejected by later Muslim scholars. Modern academic scholars today also generally reject the story, at least in terms of detail, though most agree that an interpolation of verses has occured at almost the same point in the surah.
			In another passage ({{Quran\|22\|52}} and surrounding context), Satan is blamed for verses which were interpreted in a regrettable way by Muhammad's enemies and then abrogated. {{Quran-range\|17\|73\|74}} in an [[Chronological Order of the Qur'an\|earlier]] surah mentions an occasion when they had almost tempted him to compromise his message a little.

			The report of the satanic verses incident was apparently uncontroversial in the early centuries of Islam, though widely rejected by later Muslim scholars. Modern academic scholars today also generally reject the story, at least in terms of detail, though most agree that an interpolation of verses has occured at almost the same point in the surah.


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	In terms of modern historical-critical methods, Sean W. Anthony writes on early and more recent academic trends: "Western scholars subsequently divided into two camps, either affirming or denying the historicity of the story. Nowadays, however, the denialist camp has won the day, as a steady stream of studies by the likes John Burton, Uri Rubin, Jaakko Hämeen-Anttila, Gerald Hawting, Nicolai Sinai, and Patricia Crone have all expressed profound reservations about the historicity of the story."<ref>Anthony, ''The Satanic Verses in Early Shiʿite Literature''. pp. 215-252</ref>		In terms of modern historical-critical methods, Sean W. Anthony writes on early and more recent academic trends: "Western scholars subsequently divided into two camps, either affirming or denying the historicity of the story. Nowadays, however, the denialist camp has won the day, as a steady stream of studies by the likes John Burton, Uri Rubin, Jaakko Hämeen-Anttila, Gerald Hawting, Nicolai Sinai, and Patricia Crone have all expressed profound reservations about the historicity of the story."<ref>Anthony, ''The Satanic Verses in Early Shiʿite Literature''. pp. 215-252</ref>

	Some of these scholars have proposed theories as to why such a story may have been concocted (Rubin; Burton). Anthony himself agrees with Rubin that earlier traditions attributed to ʿUrwa b. al-Zubayr about the mass conversion of the Meccans but which do not mention the satanic verses were at a later stage elaborated using elements from the Quran (and presented as the occasion of revelation for Q. 22:52): {{Quran\|22\|52}} itself which mentions Satan throwing words into the mouths of previous prophets; {{Quran-range\|53\|19\|20}} which mentions the three female deities~~; and {{Quran-range\|17\|73\|74}} which mentions that the Meccans tried to tempt Muhammad into attributing false words to Allah~~.<ref>Anthony, ''The Satanic Verses in Early Shiʿite Literature'' pp. 241–245</ref><ref>Rubin, Uri (1995), [https://www.urirubin.com/assets/docs/THE_EYE_OF_THE_BEHOLDER_-_SEARCHABLE.32644548.pdf The eye of the beholder: the life of Muḥammad as viewed by the early Muslims: a textual analysis] Princeton, NJ: Darwin Press, p. 157-61</ref> The observations of Nicolai Sinai, Patricia Crone, and (writing in 2021, a couple of years after Anthony's assessment) Tommaso Tesei all make arguments based on a literary analysis of the text, which either undermine or (Tesei) implicitly support the likelihood of a historical kernal to the story and are discussed below.		Some of these scholars have proposed theories as to why such a story may have been concocted (Rubin; Burton). Anthony himself agrees with Rubin that earlier traditions attributed to ʿUrwa b. al-Zubayr about the mass conversion of the Meccans but which do not mention the satanic verses were at a later stage elaborated using elements from the Quran (and presented as the occasion of revelation for Q. 22:52): {{Quran-range\|17\|73\|74}} which mentions that the Meccans tried to tempt Muhammad into attributing false words to Allah; {{Quran\|22\|52}} itself which mentions Satan throwing words into the mouths of previous prophets and implicitly the mouth of Muhammad, which were then abrogated; and {{Quran-range\|53\|19\|20}} which mentions the three female deities.<ref>Anthony, ''The Satanic Verses in Early Shiʿite Literature'' pp. 241–245</ref><ref>Rubin, Uri (1995), [https://www.urirubin.com/assets/docs/THE_EYE_OF_THE_BEHOLDER_-_SEARCHABLE.32644548.pdf The eye of the beholder: the life of Muḥammad as viewed by the early Muslims: a textual analysis] Princeton, NJ: Darwin Press, p. 157-61</ref> The observations of Nicolai Sinai, Patricia Crone, and (writing in 2021, a couple of years after Anthony's assessment) Tommaso Tesei all make arguments based on a literary analysis of the text, which either undermine or (Tesei) implicitly support the likelihood of a historical kernal to the story and are discussed below.

	Firstly, here are verses 19-32 of Surah an-Najm. The rest of the surah (62 verses) is entirely composed of short verses with three or four Arabic words each on average, though verses 23 and 26-32 shown here in contrast are long verses.		Firstly, here are verses 19-32 of Surah an-Najm. The rest of the surah (62 verses) is entirely composed of short verses with three or four Arabic words each on average, though verses 23 and 26-32 shown here in contrast are long verses.

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Historicity

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	Nicolai Sinai points out that the purported satanic verses praising the three deities mentioned in verses 19-20 would not have made sense if inserted before any of the polemical verses that immediately follow.<ref>Sinai, Nicolai (2011). "An Interpretation of Sūrat al-Najm (Q. 53)". Journal of Qurʾanic Studies. 13 (2): 1–28. doi:10.3366/jqs.2011.0018 See pp.10-11</ref> Patricia Crone, instead looking at the verses preceding the above quoted passage, argues that "Have you seen al-Lat...?" in verse 19 should be taken as a hostile question about literally seeing the three deities, particularly given that the previous verse and four others in the first half of the surah claim that Allah's servant "saw" the heavenly being (with the same Arabic verb meaning "see" as verse 19). She undelines this point using ({{Quran\|35\|40}} and {{Quran\|46\|4}} where a similar hostile question is asked. Given the hostility of the question in Q. 53:19-20, Crone argues that the purported Satanic verses praising the deities would not fit if inserted after such a context.<ref>Crone, Patricia (2015). [Problems in sura 53 https://www.jstor.org/stable/24692173] Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. 78 (1): 15–23. doi:10.1017/S0041977X15000014 (See pp. 18-22)</ref>		Nicolai Sinai points out that the purported satanic verses praising the three deities mentioned in verses 19-20 would not have made sense if inserted before any of the polemical verses that immediately follow.<ref>Sinai, Nicolai (2011). "An Interpretation of Sūrat al-Najm (Q. 53)". Journal of Qurʾanic Studies. 13 (2): 1–28. doi:10.3366/jqs.2011.0018 See pp.10-11</ref> Patricia Crone, instead looking at the verses preceding the above quoted passage, argues that "Have you seen al-Lat...?" in verse 19 should be taken as a hostile question about literally seeing the three deities, particularly given that the previous verse and four others in the first half of the surah claim that Allah's servant "saw" the heavenly being (with the same Arabic verb meaning "see" as verse 19). She undelines this point using ({{Quran\|35\|40}} and {{Quran\|46\|4}} where a similar hostile question is asked. Given the hostility of the question in Q. 53:19-20, Crone argues that the purported Satanic verses praising the deities would not fit if inserted after such a context.<ref>Crone, Patricia (2015). [Problems in sura 53 https://www.jstor.org/stable/24692173] Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. 78 (1): 15–23. doi:10.1017/S0041977X15000014 (See pp. 18-22)</ref>

	On the other hand, Tommaso Tesei builds on the common observation (also agreed by Crone as the general scholarly view) that verses 23 and 26-32 appear to be an interpolation of long verses into a surah of otherwise short verses. Tesei argues that those verses display stylistic incoherence as well as a theological tension with the rest of Q. 53, a surah which is otherwise consistent with evidence external to the Islamic tradition regarding pre-Islamic deities and star worship. It could be noted that these long verses with all their difficulties commence after verses 20-21, so Sinai's argument is not entirely eliminated.		On the other hand, Tommaso Tesei builds on the common observation (also agreed by Crone as the general scholarly view) that verses 23 and 26-32 appear to be an interpolation of long verses into a surah of otherwise short verses. Tesei argues that those verses display stylistic incoherence as well as a theological tension with the rest of Q. 53, a surah which is otherwise consistent with evidence external to the Islamic tradition regarding pre-Islamic deities and star worship. It could be noted that these long verses with all their difficulties commence after verses 20-21, so Sinai's argument is not entirely eliminated (though some have suggested that 20-21 could also have be part of the interpolation, if the incident occurred<ref>Devin Stewart, "Introductory Oaths and Composite Surahs" in Marianna Klar (Ed.) "Structural Dividers in the Quran", Routledge, 2020, pp. 272-4</ref>).

	In further support of his argument that the long verses are interpolations, Tesei notes that the apparent interpolation coincides with the traditional account that an explanatory comment was inserted to rectify the identification of the pagan deities as divine intercessors, which may support the possibility of historical elements to the Satanic verses story, though not in every detail (since he argues that the interpolations were by a separate author).<ref>Tesei, Tommaso (2021). [https://www.academia.edu/75302962 The Qurʾān(s) in Context(s)] Journal Asiatique. 309 (2): 185–202. (see pp. 192-196)</ref>		In further support of his argument that the long verses are interpolations, Tesei notes that the apparent interpolation coincides with the traditional account that an explanatory comment was inserted to rectify the identification of the pagan deities as divine intercessors, which may support the possibility of historical elements to the Satanic verses story, though not in every detail (since he argues that the interpolations were by a separate author).<ref>Tesei, Tommaso (2021). [https://www.academia.edu/75302962 The Qurʾān(s) in Context(s)] Journal Asiatique. 309 (2): 185–202. (see pp. 192-196)</ref>


	==See also==		==See also==

Lightyears: Rewritten/expanded with academic discussion and the account replaced with one from the major sira sources.

2025-05-23T17:45:26Z

Rewritten/expanded with academic discussion and the account replaced with one from the major sira sources.

Show changes

AdrianE: Daniel Wood is actually called David Wood.

2024-05-15T09:47:10Z

Daniel Wood is actually called David Wood.

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	*[https://www.answering-islam.org/Green/satanic.htm The Satanic Verses - The Story of the Cranes] - ''Samuel Green from Answering Islam on the Satanic Verses''		*[https://www.answering-islam.org/Green/satanic.htm The Satanic Verses - The Story of the Cranes] - ''Samuel Green from Answering Islam on the Satanic Verses''
	*[{{Reference archive\|1=http://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Saifullah/sverses.htm\|2=2011-11-04}} Muhammad and the Satanic Verses] ''- Responses to Islamic Awareness by Answering Islam''		*[{{Reference archive\|1=http://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Saifullah/sverses.htm\|2=2011-11-04}} Muhammad and the Satanic Verses] ''- Responses to Islamic Awareness by Answering Islam''
	*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjMGLIjraHI Dr. Wood Proves Muhammad Spoke From The Devil (Quran Verses From Satan)] - '' ~~Daniel~~ Wood on the Satanic Verses''		*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjMGLIjraHI Dr. Wood Proves Muhammad Spoke From The Devil (Quran Verses From Satan)] - '' David Wood on the Satanic Verses''

	==References==		==References==

Asmith at 04:36, 4 February 2022

2022-02-04T04:36:12Z

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	{{QualityScore\|Lead=1\|Structure=2\|Content=3\|Language=2\|References=2}}		{{QualityScore\|Lead=1\|Structure=2\|Content=3\|Language=2\|References=2}}
	[[File:Al-Uzza with Zodiac.jpg\|right\|170px\|thumb\|The goddess al-Uzza at the Temple of Winged Lions in Petra.]]		[[File:Al-Uzza with Zodiac.jpg\|right\|170px\|thumb\|The goddess al-Uzza at the Temple of Winged Lions in Petra.]]
	The''' Satanic Verses''' (also the ''Gharaniq incident'') was an incident where Prophet [[Muhammad]] acknowledged Allat, Manat, and al-Uzza, the goddesses of the [[Pagan Origins of Islam\|Pagan]] Meccans in a [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] [[revelation]], only to later recant and claim they were the words of the Devil.		The''' Satanic Verses''' (also the حديثة الغرانيق ''Gharaniq incident'') was an incident where Prophet [[Muhammad]] acknowledged Allat, Manat, and al-Uzza, the goddesses of the [[Pagan Origins of Islam\|Pagan]] Meccans in a [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] [[revelation]], only to later recant and claim they were the words of the Devil.

	== Theological status in Islam ==		== Theological status in Islam ==

Asmith: /* External links */

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External links

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	*[https://www.answering-islam.org/Green/satanic.htm The Satanic Verses - The Story of the Cranes] - ''Samuel Green from Answering Islam on the Satanic Verses''		*[https://www.answering-islam.org/Green/satanic.htm The Satanic Verses - The Story of the Cranes] - ''Samuel Green from Answering Islam on the Satanic Verses''
	*[{{Reference archive\|1=http://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Saifullah/sverses.htm\|2=2011-11-04}} Muhammad and the Satanic Verses] ''- Responses to Islamic Awareness by Answering Islam''		*[{{Reference archive\|1=http://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Saifullah/sverses.htm\|2=2011-11-04}} Muhammad and the Satanic Verses] ''- Responses to Islamic Awareness by Answering Islam''
	*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjMGLIjraHI Dr. Wood Proves Muhammad Spoke From The Devil (Quran Verses From Satan)] - ''- Daniel Wood on the Satanic Verses''		*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjMGLIjraHI Dr. Wood Proves Muhammad Spoke From The Devil (Quran Verses From Satan)] - '' Daniel Wood on the Satanic Verses''

	==References==		==References==

Asmith: /* External links */

2022-02-04T04:27:34Z

External links

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	*[https://www.answering-islam.org/Green/satanic.htm The Satanic Verses - The Story of the Cranes] - ''Samuel Green from Answering Islam on the Satanic Verses''		*[https://www.answering-islam.org/Green/satanic.htm The Satanic Verses - The Story of the Cranes] - ''Samuel Green from Answering Islam on the Satanic Verses''
	*[{{Reference archive\|1=http://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Saifullah/sverses.htm\|2=2011-11-04}} Muhammad and the Satanic Verses] ''- Responses to Islamic Awareness by Answering Islam''		*[{{Reference archive\|1=http://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Saifullah/sverses.htm\|2=2011-11-04}} Muhammad and the Satanic Verses] ''- Responses to Islamic Awareness by Answering Islam''
			*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjMGLIjraHI Dr. Wood Proves Muhammad Spoke From The Devil (Quran Verses From Satan)] - ''- Daniel Wood on the Satanic Verses''

	==References==		==References==

Asmith: /* External links */

2022-02-04T04:25:55Z

External links

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	==External links==		==External links==

	*[https://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Saifullah/sverses.htm The Satanic Verses Saifullah] - Saifullah from Answering Islam on the Satanic Verses		*[https://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Saifullah/sverses.htm The Satanic Verses Saifullah] - ''Saifullah from Answering Islam on the Satanic Verses''
	*[https://www.answering-islam.org/Green/satanic.htm The Satanic Verses - The Story of the Cranes] - Samuel Green from Answering Islam on the Satanic Verses		*[https://www.answering-islam.org/Green/satanic.htm The Satanic Verses - The Story of the Cranes] - ''Samuel Green from Answering Islam on the Satanic Verses''
	*[{{Reference archive\|1=http://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Saifullah/sverses.htm\|2=2011-11-04}} Muhammad and the Satanic Verses] ''- Responses to Islamic Awareness by Answering Islam''		*[{{Reference archive\|1=http://www.answering-islam.org/Responses/Saifullah/sverses.htm\|2=2011-11-04}} Muhammad and the Satanic Verses] ''- Responses to Islamic Awareness by Answering Islam''

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	{{QualityScore\|Lead=4\|Structure=4\|Content=4\|Language=4\|References=4}}		{{QualityScore\|Lead=4\|Structure=4\|Content=4\|Language=4\|References=4}}
	[[File:Al-Uzza with Zodiac.jpg\|right\|170px\|thumb\|The goddess al-Uzza at the Temple of Winged Lions in Petra.]]		[[File:Al-Uzza with Zodiac.jpg\|right\|170px\|thumb\|The goddess al-Uzza at the Temple of Winged Lions in Petra.]]
	The''' Satanic Verses''' (also the حديثة الغرانيق ''Gharaniq incident'') was an incident where ~~Prophet~~ [[Muhammad]] reportedly acknowledged Allat, Manat, and al-Uzza, three deities or angels of the [[Pre-Islamic Arab Religion in Islam\|Pagan]] Meccans in a [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] [[revelation]], only to later recant and claim they were the words of the Devil.		The''' Satanic Verses''' (also known as the حديثة الغرانيق ''Gharaniq incident'') was an incident where [[Muhammad]] reportedly acknowledged Allat, Manat, and al-Uzza, three deities or angels of the [[Pre-Islamic Arab Religion in Islam\|Pagan]] Meccans in a [[Qur'an\|Qur'anic]] [[revelation]], only to later recant and claim they were the words of the Devil.
	{{Quran-range\|53\|19\|20}} mentions their names: "So have you considered al-Lat and al-'Uzza? And Manat, the third - the other one?". One day when reciting these verses in the presence of the Meccan disbelievers while eager to gain acceptance from them, Muhammad reportedly succumbed to temptation from Satan, adding a verse, "They are the exhalted ''gharaniq'' whose intercession is hoped for". Gharaniq is thought to mean cranes (the bird), though some interpret it simply to mean female deities or angels.		{{Quran-range\|53\|19\|20}} mentions their names: "So have you considered al-Lat and al-'Uzza? And Manat, the third - the other one?". One day when reciting these verses in the presence of the Meccan disbelievers while eager to gain acceptance from them, Muhammad reportedly succumbed to temptation from Satan, adding a verse, "They are the exhalted ''gharaniq'' whose intercession is hoped for". Gharaniq is thought to mean cranes (the bird), though some interpret it simply to mean female deities or angels.

	In another passage ({{Quran\|22\|52}} and surrounding context), Satan is blamed for ~~verses~~ which were interpreted in a regrettable way by Muhammad's enemies and then abrogated. {{Quran-range\|17\|73\|74}} in an [[Chronological Order of the Qur'an\|earlier]] surah mentions an occasion when they had almost tempted him to compromise his message a little.		In another passage ({{Quran\|22\|52}} and surrounding context), Satan is blamed for inserting words which were interpreted in a regrettable way by Muhammad's enemies and then abrogated. {{Quran-range\|17\|73\|74}} in an [[Chronological Order of the Qur'an\|earlier]] surah mentions an occasion when they had almost tempted him to compromise his message a little.

	The report of the satanic verses incident was apparently uncontroversial in the early centuries of Islam, though widely rejected by later Muslim scholars. Modern academic scholars today also generally reject the story, at least in terms of detail, though most agree that an interpolation of verses has occured at almost the same point in the surah.		The report of the satanic verses incident was apparently uncontroversial in the early centuries of Islam, though widely rejected by later Muslim scholars. Modern academic scholars today also generally reject the story, at least in terms of detail, though most agree that an interpolation of verses has occured at almost the same point in the surah.