Scientific Errors in the Hadith - Revision history

Lightyears: Automated script replacing USC-MSA hadith numbering system for Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud

2025-11-15T00:18:23Z

Automated script replacing USC-MSA hadith numbering system for Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud

Lightyears at 02:23, 10 August 2025

2025-08-10T02:23:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:23, 10 August 2025
Line 19:		Line 19:
	''Why Evolution is True (Oxford Landmark Science)'' by Jerry Coyne. 2009.</ref>		''Why Evolution is True (Oxford Landmark Science)'' by Jerry Coyne. 2009.</ref>

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|55\|543}}, See also: {{Muslim\|40\|6809 }} and {{Muslim\|32\|6325}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira:		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|55\|543}}, See also: {{Muslim\|40\|6809}} and {{Muslim\|32\|6325}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira:

	The Prophet said, "Allah created Adam, making him 60 cubits tall. When He created him, He said to him, "Go and greet that group of angels, and listen to their reply, for it will be your greeting (salutation) and the greeting (salutations of your offspring." So, Adam said (to the angels), As-Salamu Alaikum (i.e. Peace be upon you). The angels said, "As-salamu Alaika wa Rahmatu-l-lahi" (i.e. Peace and Allah's Mercy be upon you). Thus the angels added to Adam's salutation the expression, 'Wa Rahmatu-l-lahi,' Any person who will enter Paradise will resemble Adam (in appearance and figure). People have been decreasing in stature since Adam's creation.}}		The Prophet said, "Allah created Adam, making him 60 cubits tall. When He created him, He said to him, "Go and greet that group of angels, and listen to their reply, for it will be your greeting (salutation) and the greeting (salutations of your offspring." So, Adam said (to the angels), As-Salamu Alaikum (i.e. Peace be upon you). The angels said, "As-salamu Alaika wa Rahmatu-l-lahi" (i.e. Peace and Allah's Mercy be upon you). Thus the angels added to Adam's salutation the expression, 'Wa Rahmatu-l-lahi,' Any person who will enter Paradise will resemble Adam (in appearance and figure). People have been decreasing in stature since Adam's creation.}}

CPO675: /* Failed eschatological predictions */

2025-06-08T16:46:14Z

Failed eschatological predictions

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:46, 8 June 2025
Line 287:		Line 287:
	{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|41\|7052}}\|When would the Last Hour come? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon him) kept quiet for a while. Then looked at a young boy in his presence belonging to the tribe of Azd Shanu'a and he said: If this boy lives he would not grow very old till the Last Hour would come to you. Anas said that this young boy was of our age during those days.}}{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|8\|73\|188}}\|A bedouin came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! When will The Hour be established?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Wailaka (Woe to you), What have you prepared for it?" The bedouin said, "I have not prepared anything for it, except that I love Allah and his Apostle." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "You will be with those whom you love." We (the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) ) said, "And will we too be so? The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes." So we became very glad on that day. In the meantime, a slave of Al-Mughira passed by, and he was of the same age as I was. The Prophet (ﷺ) said. "If this (slave) should live long, he will not reach the geriatric old age, but the Hour will be established."}}It would happen within a century.		{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|41\|7052}}\|When would the Last Hour come? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon him) kept quiet for a while. Then looked at a young boy in his presence belonging to the tribe of Azd Shanu'a and he said: If this boy lives he would not grow very old till the Last Hour would come to you. Anas said that this young boy was of our age during those days.}}{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|8\|73\|188}}\|A bedouin came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! When will The Hour be established?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Wailaka (Woe to you), What have you prepared for it?" The bedouin said, "I have not prepared anything for it, except that I love Allah and his Apostle." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "You will be with those whom you love." We (the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) ) said, "And will we too be so? The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes." So we became very glad on that day. In the meantime, a slave of Al-Mughira passed by, and he was of the same age as I was. The Prophet (ﷺ) said. "If this (slave) should live long, he will not reach the geriatric old age, but the Hour will be established."}}It would happen within a century.
	{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|31\|6165}}\|Abu Sa'id reported that when Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) came back from Tabuk they (his Companions) asked about the Last Hour. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: There would be none amongst the created beings living on the earth (who would survive this century).}}		{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|31\|6165}}\|Abu Sa'id reported that when Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) came back from Tabuk they (his Companions) asked about the Last Hour. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: There would be none amongst the created beings living on the earth (who would survive this century).}}
			Muhammad has come with the hour:

			{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|8\|76\|510}}\|Narrated Sahl: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "I have been sent and the Hour (is at hand) as these two," showing his two fingers and sticking (separating) them out.}}

			See also {{Bukhari\|8\|76\|511}}, {{Bukhari\|8\|76\|512}} and {{Bukhari\|6\|60\|458}}

	The next hadith states it will not be established until Muslims fight the Jews, which appears to have happened since even during it's inception against the Jewish Tribe of Banu Qurayzah (''see: [[The Massacre of the Banu Qurayzah]]''), with more Islamic-Jewish violence throughout history, such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1033_Fez_massacre 1033 Fez massacre], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre 1066 Granada massacre] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1834_looting_of_Safed 1834 looting of Safed.] As well as ongoing [https://www.britannica.com/event/Arab-Israeli-wars Israel-Palestine battles] - yet 'the hour' has not been established.		The next hadith states it will not be established until Muslims fight the Jews, which appears to have happened since even during it's inception against the Jewish Tribe of Banu Qurayzah (''see: [[The Massacre of the Banu Qurayzah]]''), with more Islamic-Jewish violence throughout history, such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1033_Fez_massacre 1033 Fez massacre], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre 1066 Granada massacre] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1834_looting_of_Safed 1834 looting of Safed.] As well as ongoing [https://www.britannica.com/event/Arab-Israeli-wars Israel-Palestine battles] - yet 'the hour' has not been established.
	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|52\|177}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established until you fight with the Jews, and the stone behind which a Jew will be hiding will say. "O Muslim! There is a Jew hiding behind me, so kill him."}}There are also indirect references in the following hadith with Muhammad telling his current followers that they will see Jesus (who is not killed but rather ascended into heaven in the Islamic version of the story ({{Quran\|4\|157-158}})), return back to Earth, which is heavily associated with the end times in Islamic literature.<ref>[https://islamqa.info/en/answers/3221/did-jesus-come-back-down-to-earth-after-he-was-taken-up-or-not#:~:text=Jesus%20(peace%20be%20upon%20him)%20has%20not%20died%20yet%3B,the%20earth%20according%20to%20Islam. Did Jesus Come Back Down to Earth After he Was Taken up, or Not?] 2000. IslamQA.com</ref>{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|3\|34\|425}}\|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, son of Mary (Jesus) will shortly descend amongst you people (Muslims) as a just ruler and will break the Cross and kill the pig and abolish the Jizya (a tax taken from the non-Muslims, who are in the protection, of the Muslim government). Then there will be abundance of money and nobody will accept charitable gifts.}}{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|55\|658}}\|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said "How will you be when the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you and your imam is among you."}}See also {{Bukhari\|3\|43\|656}} and {{Abu Dawud\|38\|4310}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|52\|177}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established until you fight with the Jews, and the stone behind which a Jew will be hiding will say. "O Muslim! There is a Jew hiding behind me, so kill him."}}There are also indirect references in the following hadith with Muhammad telling his current followers that they will see Jesus (who is not killed but rather ascended into heaven in the Islamic version of the story ({{Quran\|4\|157-158}})), return back to Earth, which is heavily associated with the end times in Islamic literature.<ref>[https://islamqa.info/en/answers/3221/did-jesus-come-back-down-to-earth-after-he-was-taken-up-or-not#:~:text=Jesus%20(peace%20be%20upon%20him)%20has%20not%20died%20yet%3B,the%20earth%20according%20to%20Islam. Did Jesus Come Back Down to Earth After he Was Taken up, or Not?] 2000. IslamQA.com</ref>{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|3\|34\|425}}\|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, son of Mary (Jesus) will shortly descend amongst you people (Muslims) as a just ruler and will break the Cross and kill the pig and abolish the Jizya (a tax taken from the non-Muslims, who are in the protection, of the Muslim government). Then there will be abundance of money and nobody will accept charitable gifts.}}{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|55\|658}}\|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said "How will you be when the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you and your imam is among you."}}See also {{Bukhari\|3\|43\|656}} and {{Abu Dawud\|38\|4310}}

CPO675: /* Adam was a 90 foot giant */ Removed some assumingly old text from the page. And added a reference of some books by academics covering evolution to show that this does not match anything scientific.

2025-01-21T23:29:40Z

Adam was a 90 foot giant: Removed some assumingly old text from the page. And added a reference of some books by academics covering evolution to show that this does not match anything scientific.

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:29, 21 January 2025
Line 5:		Line 5:
	===Adam was a 90 foot giant===		===Adam was a 90 foot giant===

	Hadiths state that humans were created in the physical image of Allah, were at first 90 feet (60 cubits) tall, and have been decreasing in height ever since. The oldest human remains found in Ethiopia (Lucy and Ardi) are, however, shorter than modern humans.		Hadiths state that humans were created in the physical image of Allah, were at first 90 feet (60 cubits) tall, and have been decreasing in height ever since. The oldest human remains found in Ethiopia (Lucy and Ardi) are, however, shorter than modern humans. Nor does this match anything we know about the evolution and development of humans as a species.<ref>For the science of evolution covering modern humans for the general reader, see for example:

			''Who are we and how we got here: Ancient DNA and the new science of the human past'' by David Reich. 2018.

			''Evolution: The Human Story'' by Alice Roberts. 2023.

			''Human Origins 101'' by Holly Dunsworth. 2007.

			''The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution'' by Richard Dawkins. 2010.

			''Our Human Story'' by Louise Humphrey and Chris Stringer. 2018.

			''Why Evolution is True (Oxford Landmark Science)'' by Jerry Coyne. 2009.</ref>

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|55\|543}}, See also: {{Muslim\|40\|6809 }} and {{Muslim\|32\|6325}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira:		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|55\|543}}, See also: {{Muslim\|40\|6809 }} and {{Muslim\|32\|6325}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira:

	The Prophet said, "Allah created Adam, making him 60 cubits tall. When He created him, He said to him, "Go and greet that group of angels, and listen to their reply, for it will be your greeting (salutation) and the greeting (salutations of your offspring." So, Adam said (to the angels), As-Salamu Alaikum (i.e. Peace be upon you). The angels said, "As-salamu Alaika wa Rahmatu-l-lahi" (i.e. Peace and Allah's Mercy be upon you). Thus the angels added to Adam's salutation the expression, 'Wa Rahmatu-l-lahi,' Any person who will enter Paradise will resemble Adam (in appearance and figure). People have been decreasing in stature since Adam's creation.}} ~~[Islamic Science of Hadith]~~		The Prophet said, "Allah created Adam, making him 60 cubits tall. When He created him, He said to him, "Go and greet that group of angels, and listen to their reply, for it will be your greeting (salutation) and the greeting (salutations of your offspring." So, Adam said (to the angels), As-Salamu Alaikum (i.e. Peace be upon you). The angels said, "As-salamu Alaika wa Rahmatu-l-lahi" (i.e. Peace and Allah's Mercy be upon you). Thus the angels added to Adam's salutation the expression, 'Wa Rahmatu-l-lahi,' Any person who will enter Paradise will resemble Adam (in appearance and figure). People have been decreasing in stature since Adam's creation.}}

	==Astronomy==		==Astronomy==

CPO675: /* Failed eschatological predictions */ Added some more indirect evidence in that Jesus who's coming is associated with the end times was said to come amongst his followers.

2024-10-27T21:34:46Z

Failed eschatological predictions: Added some more indirect evidence in that Jesus who's coming is associated with the end times was said to come amongst his followers.

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:34, 27 October 2024
Line 277:		Line 277:
	{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|31\|6165}}\|Abu Sa'id reported that when Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) came back from Tabuk they (his Companions) asked about the Last Hour. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: There would be none amongst the created beings living on the earth (who would survive this century).}}		{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|31\|6165}}\|Abu Sa'id reported that when Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) came back from Tabuk they (his Companions) asked about the Last Hour. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: There would be none amongst the created beings living on the earth (who would survive this century).}}
	The next hadith states it will not be established until Muslims fight the Jews, which appears to have happened since even during it's inception against the Jewish Tribe of Banu Qurayzah (''see: [[The Massacre of the Banu Qurayzah]]''), with more Islamic-Jewish violence throughout history, such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1033_Fez_massacre 1033 Fez massacre], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre 1066 Granada massacre] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1834_looting_of_Safed 1834 looting of Safed.] As well as ongoing [https://www.britannica.com/event/Arab-Israeli-wars Israel-Palestine battles] - yet 'the hour' has not been established.		The next hadith states it will not be established until Muslims fight the Jews, which appears to have happened since even during it's inception against the Jewish Tribe of Banu Qurayzah (''see: [[The Massacre of the Banu Qurayzah]]''), with more Islamic-Jewish violence throughout history, such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1033_Fez_massacre 1033 Fez massacre], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre 1066 Granada massacre] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1834_looting_of_Safed 1834 looting of Safed.] As well as ongoing [https://www.britannica.com/event/Arab-Israeli-wars Israel-Palestine battles] - yet 'the hour' has not been established.
	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|52\|177}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established until you fight with the Jews, and the stone behind which a Jew will be hiding will say. "O Muslim! There is a Jew hiding behind me, so kill him."}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|52\|177}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established until you fight with the Jews, and the stone behind which a Jew will be hiding will say. "O Muslim! There is a Jew hiding behind me, so kill him."}}There are also indirect references in the following hadith with Muhammad telling his current followers that they will see Jesus (who is not killed but rather ascended into heaven in the Islamic version of the story ({{Quran\|4\|157-158}})), return back to Earth, which is heavily associated with the end times in Islamic literature.<ref>[https://islamqa.info/en/answers/3221/did-jesus-come-back-down-to-earth-after-he-was-taken-up-or-not#:~:text=Jesus%20(peace%20be%20upon%20him)%20has%20not%20died%20yet%3B,the%20earth%20according%20to%20Islam. Did Jesus Come Back Down to Earth After he Was Taken up, or Not?] 2000. IslamQA.com</ref>{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|3\|34\|425}}\|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, son of Mary (Jesus) will shortly descend amongst you people (Muslims) as a just ruler and will break the Cross and kill the pig and abolish the Jizya (a tax taken from the non-Muslims, who are in the protection, of the Muslim government). Then there will be abundance of money and nobody will accept charitable gifts.}}{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|55\|658}}\|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said "How will you be when the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you and your imam is among you."}}See also {{Bukhari\|3\|43\|656}} and {{Abu Dawud\|38\|4310}}

			Interesting a non-canonical Qu'ran variant also mentions Jesus's second coming as a sign of the hour. <ref>Neuwirth, Angelika. The Qur'an and Late Antiquity: A Shared Heritage (Oxford Studies in Late Antiquity) (pp. 299-300). Oxford University Press. Kindle Edition.

			''The mention of the death of Jesus (Q 19:33) may ultimately, in view of the middle Meccan verse group Q 43:59–61 in which Jesus figures as “sign of the [final] hour,”<sup>89</sup> count not as a historical event but an eschatological one.''

			(Ibid Kindle p p. 312)

			''Footnote 89:. Instead of the canonical Qur’anic reading, ʿilmun li-l-sāʿati, “knowledge about the hour,” Jesus’s qualification should rather be read as ʿalamun li-l-sāʿati, “sign of the hour.” The non-canonical interpretation is ascribed to Ikrima; see Jeffery, Materials, 173.''</ref>

	=== Year of the Elephant (and the battle's location) ===		=== Year of the Elephant (and the battle's location) ===

CPO675: /* All prophets took care of sheep */ Removed sheep hadith as discussed.

2024-09-27T22:04:04Z

All prophets took care of sheep: Removed sheep hadith as discussed.

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:04, 27 September 2024
Line 346:		Line 346:
	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|54\|522}}, See also: {{Muslim\|35\|6581}}\| Narrated Abu Huraira:		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|54\|522}}, See also: {{Muslim\|35\|6581}}\| Narrated Abu Huraira:
	The Prophet said, "When you hear the crowing of cocks, ask for Allah's Blessings for (their crowing indicates that) they have seen an angel. And when you hear the braying of donkeys, seek Refuge with Allah from Satan for (their braying indicates) that they have seen a Satan." }}		The Prophet said, "When you hear the crowing of cocks, ask for Allah's Blessings for (their crowing indicates that) they have seen an angel. And when you hear the braying of donkeys, seek Refuge with Allah from Satan for (their braying indicates) that they have seen a Satan." }}

	~~=== All prophets took care of sheep ===~~
	~~Muhammad is reported of saying that all prophets took care of sheep.~~
	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|3\|36\|463}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (ﷺ) said, <b>"Allah did not send any prophet but shepherded sheep."</b> His companions asked him, "Did you do the same?" The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, "Yes, I used to shepherd the sheep of the people of Mecca for some Qirats."}}
	Along with the Quranic statement that every 'umma' أمة (people/nation) was sent a messenger (itself a [[:en:Historical_Errors_in_the_Quran#Every_people_had_a_Muslim_warner/prophet\|somewhat problematic statement]]):
	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|16\|36}}\|<b>And We certainly sent into every nation a messenger,</b> [saying], "Worship Allah and avoid ṭāghūt. [false objects of worship]." And among them were those whom Allah guided, and among them were those upon whom error was [deservedly] decreed. So proceed through the earth and observe how was the end of the deniers.}}{{Quote\|{{Quran\|35\|24}}\|Surely We have sent you with the truth as a bearer of good news and a warner; and <b>there is not a people but a warner has gone among them.</b>}}
	However there have been large groups of people living in areas completely isolated from sheep. Take for example the entire island of Australia (and it's smaller surrounding islands), where sheep were only introduced by humans via boat in 1788,<ref>[https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/merino-sheep-introduced#:~:text=The%20first%20sheep%20in%20Australia%20arrived%20with%20the%20First%20Fleet%20in%201788. Merino Sheep Introduced.] National Musuem Australia.</ref> yet people (i.e., the Aboriginals) have inhabited it for tens of thousands of years,<ref>[https://australian.museum/learn/science/human-evolution/the-spread-of-people-to-australia/#:~:text=Human%20Remains,continent%20about%2050%2C000%20years%20ago. When did modern humans get to Australia?] Fran Dorey. Updated 18/04/24. Australian Museum.</ref> and must have been sent a messenger as a completely isolated people if every 'umma' أمة (people/nation) truly had one. Therefore, for both of these statements to be true, it would contradict scientific fact.

	==Miscellaneous==		==Miscellaneous==

CPO675: /* Failed eschatological predictions */ Added another failed eschatological prediction in sahih Muslim.

2024-08-31T22:22:44Z

Failed eschatological predictions: Added another failed eschatological prediction in sahih Muslim.

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:22, 31 August 2024
Line 274:		Line 274:
	=== Failed eschatological predictions ===		=== Failed eschatological predictions ===
	These hadith state judgement day will fall at least within the generation after Muhammad's lifetime.		These hadith state judgement day will fall at least within the generation after Muhammad's lifetime.
	{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|41\|7052}}\|When would the Last Hour come? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon him) kept quiet for a while. Then looked at a young boy in his presence belonging to the tribe of Azd Shanu'a and he said: If this boy lives he would not grow very old till the Last Hour would come to you. Anas said that this young boy was of our age during those days.}}{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|8\|73\|188}}\|A bedouin came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! When will The Hour be established?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Wailaka (Woe to you), What have you prepared for it?" The bedouin said, "I have not prepared anything for it, except that I love Allah and his Apostle." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "You will be with those whom you love." We (the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) ) said, "And will we too be so? The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes." So we became very glad on that day. In the meantime, a slave of Al-Mughira passed by, and he was of the same age as I was. The Prophet (ﷺ) said. "If this (slave) should live long, he will not reach the geriatric old age, but the Hour will be established."}}The next hadith states it will not be established until Muslims fight the Jews, which appears to have happened since even during it's inception against the Jewish Tribe of Banu Qurayzah (''see: [[The Massacre of the Banu Qurayzah]]''), with more Islamic-Jewish violence throughout history, such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1033_Fez_massacre 1033 Fez massacre], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre 1066 Granada massacre] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1834_looting_of_Safed 1834 looting of Safed.] As well as ongoing [https://www.britannica.com/event/Arab-Israeli-wars Israel-Palestine battles] - yet 'the hour' has not been established.		{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|41\|7052}}\|When would the Last Hour come? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon him) kept quiet for a while. Then looked at a young boy in his presence belonging to the tribe of Azd Shanu'a and he said: If this boy lives he would not grow very old till the Last Hour would come to you. Anas said that this young boy was of our age during those days.}}{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|8\|73\|188}}\|A bedouin came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! When will The Hour be established?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Wailaka (Woe to you), What have you prepared for it?" The bedouin said, "I have not prepared anything for it, except that I love Allah and his Apostle." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "You will be with those whom you love." We (the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) ) said, "And will we too be so? The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes." So we became very glad on that day. In the meantime, a slave of Al-Mughira passed by, and he was of the same age as I was. The Prophet (ﷺ) said. "If this (slave) should live long, he will not reach the geriatric old age, but the Hour will be established."}}It would happen within a century.
			{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|31\|6165}}\|Abu Sa'id reported that when Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) came back from Tabuk they (his Companions) asked about the Last Hour. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: There would be none amongst the created beings living on the earth (who would survive this century).}}
			The next hadith states it will not be established until Muslims fight the Jews, which appears to have happened since even during it's inception against the Jewish Tribe of Banu Qurayzah (''see: [[The Massacre of the Banu Qurayzah]]''), with more Islamic-Jewish violence throughout history, such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1033_Fez_massacre 1033 Fez massacre], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre 1066 Granada massacre] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1834_looting_of_Safed 1834 looting of Safed.] As well as ongoing [https://www.britannica.com/event/Arab-Israeli-wars Israel-Palestine battles] - yet 'the hour' has not been established.
	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|52\|177}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established until you fight with the Jews, and the stone behind which a Jew will be hiding will say. "O Muslim! There is a Jew hiding behind me, so kill him."}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|52\|177}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established until you fight with the Jews, and the stone behind which a Jew will be hiding will say. "O Muslim! There is a Jew hiding behind me, so kill him."}}

CPO675: /* Zoology */ Added in a scientific error if the qur'anic statement is true verses what we know about sheep.

2024-08-24T10:21:07Z

Zoology: Added in a scientific error if the qur'anic statement is true verses what we know about sheep.

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:21, 24 August 2024
Line 344:		Line 344:
	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|54\|522}}, See also: {{Muslim\|35\|6581}}\| Narrated Abu Huraira:		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|54\|522}}, See also: {{Muslim\|35\|6581}}\| Narrated Abu Huraira:
	The Prophet said, "When you hear the crowing of cocks, ask for Allah's Blessings for (their crowing indicates that) they have seen an angel. And when you hear the braying of donkeys, seek Refuge with Allah from Satan for (their braying indicates) that they have seen a Satan." }}		The Prophet said, "When you hear the crowing of cocks, ask for Allah's Blessings for (their crowing indicates that) they have seen an angel. And when you hear the braying of donkeys, seek Refuge with Allah from Satan for (their braying indicates) that they have seen a Satan." }}

			=== All prophets took care of sheep ===
			Muhammad is reported of saying that all prophets took care of sheep.
			{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|3\|36\|463}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (ﷺ) said, <b>"Allah did not send any prophet but shepherded sheep."</b> His companions asked him, "Did you do the same?" The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, "Yes, I used to shepherd the sheep of the people of Mecca for some Qirats."}}
			Along with the Quranic statement that every 'umma' أمة (people/nation) was sent a messenger (itself a [[:en:Historical_Errors_in_the_Quran#Every_people_had_a_Muslim_warner/prophet\|somewhat problematic statement]]):
			{{Quote\|{{Quran\|16\|36}}\|<b>And We certainly sent into every nation a messenger,</b> [saying], "Worship Allah and avoid ṭāghūt. [false objects of worship]." And among them were those whom Allah guided, and among them were those upon whom error was [deservedly] decreed. So proceed through the earth and observe how was the end of the deniers.}}{{Quote\|{{Quran\|35\|24}}\|Surely We have sent you with the truth as a bearer of good news and a warner; and <b>there is not a people but a warner has gone among them.</b>}}
			However there have been large groups of people living in areas completely isolated from sheep. Take for example the entire island of Australia (and it's smaller surrounding islands), where sheep were only introduced by humans via boat in 1788,<ref>[https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/merino-sheep-introduced#:~:text=The%20first%20sheep%20in%20Australia%20arrived%20with%20the%20First%20Fleet%20in%201788. Merino Sheep Introduced.] National Musuem Australia.</ref> yet people (i.e., the Aboriginals) have inhabited it for tens of thousands of years,<ref>[https://australian.museum/learn/science/human-evolution/the-spread-of-people-to-australia/#:~:text=Human%20Remains,continent%20about%2050%2C000%20years%20ago. When did modern humans get to Australia?] Fran Dorey. Updated 18/04/24. Australian Museum.</ref> and must have been sent a messenger as a completely isolated people if every 'umma' أمة (people/nation) truly had one. Therefore, for both of these statements to be true, it would contradict scientific fact.

	==Miscellaneous==		==Miscellaneous==

CPO675: /* Embryology */ Added cardiocentric hadith as a scientific error. Also minor changes adding 'Contradictions on the Hadith' as a linked page, and the embryology pages as main articles to the hadith errors.

2024-08-02T21:20:57Z

Embryology: Added cardiocentric hadith as a scientific error. Also minor changes adding 'Contradictions on the Hadith' as a linked page, and the embryology pages as main articles to the hadith errors.

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:20, 2 August 2024
Line 68:		Line 68:

	===Embryology===		===Embryology===
			{{Main\|Sources of Islamic Theories of Reproduction\|Embryology in the Quran}}

	====Stages of development====		====Stages of development====
Line 164:		Line 165:
	Microbial growth, oxidation and enzymatic autolysis are the three basic mechanisms responsible for the spoilage of meat. In addition to lipid oxidation and enzyme reactions, meat spoilage is almost always caused by microbial growth, which has existed essentially since animals with 'meat' began<ref>Iulietto, M. F., Sechi, P., Borgogni, E., & Cenci-Goga, B. T. (2015). Meat Spoilage: A Critical Review of a Neglected Alteration Due to Ropy Slime Producing Bacteria. ''Italian Journal of Animal Science'', ''14''(3). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2015.4011</nowiki></ref> (this is hundred of millions of years before humans even appear,<ref>''[https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2023-06-28-new-oxford-study-sheds-light-origin-animals#:~:text=Credit%3A%20Lidya%20Tarhan.,gradual%20pace%20of%20evolutionary%20change. New Oxford study sheds light on the origin of animals.]'' University of Oxford. 2023.</ref> let alone Jews, and completely unrelated to humans). Yet Muhammad states the cause of this is due to Israeli's/Jews.		Microbial growth, oxidation and enzymatic autolysis are the three basic mechanisms responsible for the spoilage of meat. In addition to lipid oxidation and enzyme reactions, meat spoilage is almost always caused by microbial growth, which has existed essentially since animals with 'meat' began<ref>Iulietto, M. F., Sechi, P., Borgogni, E., & Cenci-Goga, B. T. (2015). Meat Spoilage: A Critical Review of a Neglected Alteration Due to Ropy Slime Producing Bacteria. ''Italian Journal of Animal Science'', ''14''(3). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2015.4011</nowiki></ref> (this is hundred of millions of years before humans even appear,<ref>''[https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2023-06-28-new-oxford-study-sheds-light-origin-animals#:~:text=Credit%3A%20Lidya%20Tarhan.,gradual%20pace%20of%20evolutionary%20change. New Oxford study sheds light on the origin of animals.]'' University of Oxford. 2023.</ref> let alone Jews, and completely unrelated to humans). Yet Muhammad states the cause of this is due to Israeli's/Jews.
	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|55\|547}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "But for the Israelis, meat would not decay and but for Eve, wives would never betray their husbands."}}{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|8\|3472}}\|Hammam b. Munabbih said: These are some of the ahadith which Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), and one of these (this one): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Had it not been for Bani Isra'il, food would not have become stale, and meal would not have gone bad; and had it not been for Eve, a woman would never have acted unfaithfully toward her husband.}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|55\|547}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "But for the Israelis, meat would not decay and but for Eve, wives would never betray their husbands."}}{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|8\|3472}}\|Hammam b. Munabbih said: These are some of the ahadith which Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), and one of these (this one): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Had it not been for Bani Isra'il, food would not have become stale, and meal would not have gone bad; and had it not been for Eve, a woman would never have acted unfaithfully toward her husband.}}

			=== The heart the literal place of belief ===
			As the Qur'an affirms the ancient cardio-centric biological view (''see: [[Scientific Errors in the Quran#Functions of the heart (cardiocentrism)]]''), where the heart is the seat of the mind and soul, responsible for human understanding,<ref>''qalb \|'' Sinai, Nicolai. Key Terms of the Qur'an: A Critical Dictionary (pp. 578 - 587). Princeton University Press.</ref> as did contemporary authors.<ref>Decharneux, Julien. Creation and Contemplation: [https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110794083/html?lang=en The Cosmology of the Qur'ān and Its Late Antique Background] (Studies in the History and Culture of the Middle East Book 47) ''(3.1 The role of the heart pp. 92 - 105 & pp. 67)''. De Gruyter. 2023.</ref> This idea seems to continue in the hadith with Muhammad reporting on his night journey (''see: [[Buraq]]'') that his heart was literally cut out of his body with a knife, then washed, and put back in with belief.
			{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|5\|58\|227}}\|Malik bin Sasaa said that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) described to them his Night Journey saying, "While I was lying in Al-Hatim or Al-Hijr, suddenly someone came to me and cut my body open from here to here." I asked Al-Jarud who was by my side, "What does he mean?" He said, "It means from his throat to his pubic area," or said, "From the top of the chest." The Prophet (ﷺ) further said, "He then took out my heart. Then a gold tray of Belief was brought to me and my heart was washed and was filled (with Belief) and then returned to its original place...}}

	==Geology and Meteorology==		==Geology and Meteorology==
Line 282:		Line 287:
	Neuwirth, Angelika. The Qur'an: Text and Commentary, Volume 1: Early Meccan Suras: Poetic Prophecy (p. 61). Yale University Press.</ref>		Neuwirth, Angelika. The Qur'an: Text and Commentary, Volume 1: Early Meccan Suras: Poetic Prophecy (p. 61). Yale University Press.</ref>

	This appears to be an distorted version of a real event with the dates changed to fit the hagiographical biography of the Islamic prophet, to 'foreshadow' and highlight the year as being important, as more contemporary and sound evidence places Abraha's expedition of Central Arabia notably earlier, and not to Mecca itself; as historian ~~of ancient Greece, Rome and the Near East,~~ Glenn W. Bowersock notes:		This appears to be an distorted version of a real event with the dates changed to fit the hagiographical biography of the Islamic prophet, to 'foreshadow' and highlight the year as being important, as more contemporary and sound evidence places Abraha's expedition of Central Arabia notably earlier, and not to Mecca itself; as historian Glenn W. Bowersock notes:
	{{Quote\|Bowersock, G.W.. <i>The Throne of Adulis: Red Sea Wars on the Eve of Islam (Emblems of Antiquity)</i> (p. 115 - 117). Oxford University Press.\|They may possibly explain a dramatic, even desperate move that the king made only a few years after the Mārib conference. <i>In 552 he launched a great expedition into central Arabia, north of Najrān and south of Mecca.</i>		{{Quote\|Bowersock, G.W.. <i>The Throne of Adulis: Red Sea Wars on the Eve of Islam (Emblems of Antiquity)</i> (p. 115 - 117). Oxford University Press.\|They may possibly explain a dramatic, even desperate move that the king made only a few years after the Mārib conference. <i>In 552 he launched a great expedition into central Arabia, north of Najrān and south of Mecca.</i>
	An important but difficult inscription, which was discovered at Bir Murayghān and first published in 1951, gives the details of this expedition.10 <i>It shows that one of Abraha’s armies went northeastward into the territory of the Ma‘add tribal confederacy, while another went northwestward towards the coast (Map 2).</i> This two-pronged assault into the central peninsula is, in fact, the last campaign of Abraha known from epigraphy. It may well have represented an abortive attempt to move into areas of Persian influence, south of the Naṣrid capital at al Ḥīra. If Procopius published his history as late as 555, the campaign could possibly be the one to which the Greek historian refers when he says of Abraha, whom he calls Abramos in Greek, that once his rule was secure he promised Justinian many times to invade the land of Persia (es gēn tēn Persida), but “only once did he begin the journey and then immediately withdrew.”11 The land that Abraha invaded was hardly the land of Persia, but it was a land of Persian influence and of potentially threatening religious groups—Jewish and pagan. <i>Some historians have been sorely tempted to bring the expedition of 552, known from the inscription at Bir Murayghān, into conjunction with a celebrated and sensational legend in the Arabic tradition that is reflected in Sura 105 of the Qur’an (al fīl, the elephant). The Arabic tradition reports that Abraha undertook an attack on Mecca itself with the aim of taking possession of the Ka‘ba, the holy place of the pagan god Hubal. It was believed that Abraha’s forces were led by an elephant, and that, although vastly superior in number, they were miraculously repelled by a flock of birds that pelted them with stones. The tradition also maintained that Abraha’s assault on the ancient holy place occurred in the very year of Muḥammad’s birth (traditionally fixed about 570). Even today the path over which Abraha’s elephant and men are believed to have marched is known in local legend as the Road of the Elephant (darb al fīl).		An important but difficult inscription, which was discovered at Bir Murayghān and first published in 1951, gives the details of this expedition.10 <i>It shows that one of Abraha’s armies went northeastward into the territory of the Ma‘add tribal confederacy, while another went northwestward towards the coast (Map 2).</i> This two-pronged assault into the central peninsula is, in fact, the last campaign of Abraha known from epigraphy. It may well have represented an abortive attempt to move into areas of Persian influence, south of the Naṣrid capital at al Ḥīra. If Procopius published his history as late as 555, the campaign could possibly be the one to which the Greek historian refers when he says of Abraha, whom he calls Abramos in Greek, that once his rule was secure he promised Justinian many times to invade the land of Persia (es gēn tēn Persida), but “only once did he begin the journey and then immediately withdrew.”11 The land that Abraha invaded was hardly the land of Persia, but it was a land of Persian influence and of potentially threatening religious groups—Jewish and pagan. <i>Some historians have been sorely tempted to bring the expedition of 552, known from the inscription at Bir Murayghān, into conjunction with a celebrated and sensational legend in the Arabic tradition that is reflected in Sura 105 of the Qur’an (al fīl, the elephant). The Arabic tradition reports that Abraha undertook an attack on Mecca itself with the aim of taking possession of the Ka‘ba, the holy place of the pagan god Hubal. It was believed that Abraha’s forces were led by an elephant, and that, although vastly superior in number, they were miraculously repelled by a flock of birds that pelted them with stones. The tradition also maintained that Abraha’s assault on the ancient holy place occurred in the very year of Muḥammad’s birth (traditionally fixed about 570). Even today the path over which Abraha’s elephant and men are believed to have marched is known in local legend as the Road of the Elephant (darb al fīl).
Line 360:		Line 365:
	* [[Scientific Errors in the Quran]]		* [[Scientific Errors in the Quran]]
	* [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars: Remarkable and Strange Islamic Traditions]]		* [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars: Remarkable and Strange Islamic Traditions]]
			* [[Contradictions in the Hadith]]

	==References==		==References==

CPO675: /* Nile and Euphrates flow from heaven */

2024-07-15T11:39:45Z

Nile and Euphrates flow from heaven

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:39, 15 July 2024
Line 170:		Line 170:

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|5\|58\|227}}\|Narrated Abbas bin Malik: ...So when I went (over the seventh heaven), there I saw Abraham. Gabriel said (to me), 'This is your father; pay your greetings to him.' So I greeted him and he returned the greetings to me and said, 'You are welcomed, O pious son and pious Prophet.' Then I was made to ascend to Sidrat-ul-Muntaha (i.e. the Lote Tree of the utmost boundary) Behold! Its fruits were like the jars of Hajr (i.e. a place near Medina) and its leaves were as big as the ears of elephants. Gabriel said, 'This is the Lote Tree of the utmost boundary) . Behold ! There ran four rivers, two were hidden and two were visible, I asked, 'What are these two kinds of rivers, O Gabriel?' He replied,' As for the hidden rivers, they are two rivers in Paradise and the visible rivers are the Nile and the Euphrates.'...}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|5\|58\|227}}\|Narrated Abbas bin Malik: ...So when I went (over the seventh heaven), there I saw Abraham. Gabriel said (to me), 'This is your father; pay your greetings to him.' So I greeted him and he returned the greetings to me and said, 'You are welcomed, O pious son and pious Prophet.' Then I was made to ascend to Sidrat-ul-Muntaha (i.e. the Lote Tree of the utmost boundary) Behold! Its fruits were like the jars of Hajr (i.e. a place near Medina) and its leaves were as big as the ears of elephants. Gabriel said, 'This is the Lote Tree of the utmost boundary) . Behold ! There ran four rivers, two were hidden and two were visible, I asked, 'What are these two kinds of rivers, O Gabriel?' He replied,' As for the hidden rivers, they are two rivers in Paradise and the visible rivers are the Nile and the Euphrates.'...}}

			=== There is a mountain of gold under the river Euphrates that would soon be uncovered ===
			{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|9\|88\|235}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Soon the river "Euphrates" will disclose the treasure (the mountain) of gold, so whoever will be present at that time should not take anything of it." Al-A'raj narrated from Abii Huraira that the Prophet (ﷺ) said the same but he said, "It (Euphrates) will uncover a mountain of gold (under it).}}
			See also: {{Abu Dawud\|38\|4299}} and {{Al Tirmidhi\|12\|4\|12\|2569}}.

	===Thunder is an angel driving clouds===		===Thunder is an angel driving clouds===

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:46, 8 June 2025
Line 287:		Line 287:
	{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|41\|7052}}\|When would the Last Hour come? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon him) kept quiet for a while. Then looked at a young boy in his presence belonging to the tribe of Azd Shanu'a and he said: If this boy lives he would not grow very old till the Last Hour would come to you. Anas said that this young boy was of our age during those days.}}{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|8\|73\|188}}\|A bedouin came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! When will The Hour be established?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Wailaka (Woe to you), What have you prepared for it?" The bedouin said, "I have not prepared anything for it, except that I love Allah and his Apostle." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "You will be with those whom you love." We (the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) ) said, "And will we too be so? The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes." So we became very glad on that day. In the meantime, a slave of Al-Mughira passed by, and he was of the same age as I was. The Prophet (ﷺ) said. "If this (slave) should live long, he will not reach the geriatric old age, but the Hour will be established."}}It would happen within a century.		{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|41\|7052}}\|When would the Last Hour come? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon him) kept quiet for a while. Then looked at a young boy in his presence belonging to the tribe of Azd Shanu'a and he said: If this boy lives he would not grow very old till the Last Hour would come to you. Anas said that this young boy was of our age during those days.}}{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|8\|73\|188}}\|A bedouin came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! When will The Hour be established?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Wailaka (Woe to you), What have you prepared for it?" The bedouin said, "I have not prepared anything for it, except that I love Allah and his Apostle." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "You will be with those whom you love." We (the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) ) said, "And will we too be so? The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes." So we became very glad on that day. In the meantime, a slave of Al-Mughira passed by, and he was of the same age as I was. The Prophet (ﷺ) said. "If this (slave) should live long, he will not reach the geriatric old age, but the Hour will be established."}}It would happen within a century.
	{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|31\|6165}}\|Abu Sa'id reported that when Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) came back from Tabuk they (his Companions) asked about the Last Hour. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: There would be none amongst the created beings living on the earth (who would survive this century).}}		{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|31\|6165}}\|Abu Sa'id reported that when Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) came back from Tabuk they (his Companions) asked about the Last Hour. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: There would be none amongst the created beings living on the earth (who would survive this century).}}
			Muhammad has come with the hour:

			{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|8\|76\|510}}\|Narrated Sahl: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "I have been sent and the Hour (is at hand) as these two," showing his two fingers and sticking (separating) them out.}}

			See also {{Bukhari\|8\|76\|511}}, {{Bukhari\|8\|76\|512}} and {{Bukhari\|6\|60\|458}}

	The next hadith states it will not be established until Muslims fight the Jews, which appears to have happened since even during it's inception against the Jewish Tribe of Banu Qurayzah (''see: [[The Massacre of the Banu Qurayzah]]''), with more Islamic-Jewish violence throughout history, such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1033_Fez_massacre 1033 Fez massacre], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre 1066 Granada massacre] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1834_looting_of_Safed 1834 looting of Safed.] As well as ongoing [https://www.britannica.com/event/Arab-Israeli-wars Israel-Palestine battles] - yet 'the hour' has not been established.		The next hadith states it will not be established until Muslims fight the Jews, which appears to have happened since even during it's inception against the Jewish Tribe of Banu Qurayzah (''see: [[The Massacre of the Banu Qurayzah]]''), with more Islamic-Jewish violence throughout history, such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1033_Fez_massacre 1033 Fez massacre], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre 1066 Granada massacre] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1834_looting_of_Safed 1834 looting of Safed.] As well as ongoing [https://www.britannica.com/event/Arab-Israeli-wars Israel-Palestine battles] - yet 'the hour' has not been established.
	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|52\|177}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established until you fight with the Jews, and the stone behind which a Jew will be hiding will say. "O Muslim! There is a Jew hiding behind me, so kill him."}}There are also indirect references in the following hadith with Muhammad telling his current followers that they will see Jesus (who is not killed but rather ascended into heaven in the Islamic version of the story ({{Quran\|4\|157-158}})), return back to Earth, which is heavily associated with the end times in Islamic literature.<ref>[https://islamqa.info/en/answers/3221/did-jesus-come-back-down-to-earth-after-he-was-taken-up-or-not#:~:text=Jesus%20(peace%20be%20upon%20him)%20has%20not%20died%20yet%3B,the%20earth%20according%20to%20Islam. Did Jesus Come Back Down to Earth After he Was Taken up, or Not?] 2000. IslamQA.com</ref>{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|3\|34\|425}}\|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, son of Mary (Jesus) will shortly descend amongst you people (Muslims) as a just ruler and will break the Cross and kill the pig and abolish the Jizya (a tax taken from the non-Muslims, who are in the protection, of the Muslim government). Then there will be abundance of money and nobody will accept charitable gifts.}}{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|55\|658}}\|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said "How will you be when the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you and your imam is among you."}}See also {{Bukhari\|3\|43\|656}} and {{Abu Dawud\|38\|4310}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|52\|177}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established until you fight with the Jews, and the stone behind which a Jew will be hiding will say. "O Muslim! There is a Jew hiding behind me, so kill him."}}There are also indirect references in the following hadith with Muhammad telling his current followers that they will see Jesus (who is not killed but rather ascended into heaven in the Islamic version of the story ({{Quran\|4\|157-158}})), return back to Earth, which is heavily associated with the end times in Islamic literature.<ref>[https://islamqa.info/en/answers/3221/did-jesus-come-back-down-to-earth-after-he-was-taken-up-or-not#:~:text=Jesus%20(peace%20be%20upon%20him)%20has%20not%20died%20yet%3B,the%20earth%20according%20to%20Islam. Did Jesus Come Back Down to Earth After he Was Taken up, or Not?] 2000. IslamQA.com</ref>{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|3\|34\|425}}\|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, son of Mary (Jesus) will shortly descend amongst you people (Muslims) as a just ruler and will break the Cross and kill the pig and abolish the Jizya (a tax taken from the non-Muslims, who are in the protection, of the Muslim government). Then there will be abundance of money and nobody will accept charitable gifts.}}{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|55\|658}}\|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said "How will you be when the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you and your imam is among you."}}See also {{Bukhari\|3\|43\|656}} and {{Abu Dawud\|38\|4310}}